The really clever thing about IBM mainframe VM/CMS was...
It's 'Shared Segement'.
Instead of IPLing (booting) CMS for each user from DASD (disk), it was already in CPs (the mainframe OS, aka VM) memory. When you logged into your CMS VM (actual virtual machine) it was there instantaneously as a read-only copy.
When you IPL VM (the OS, aka CP), CP loaded all the shared segments into upper RAM, where they lived all the time the machine was up.
The beauty of it was that when you upgraded VM, you upgraded CMS. So every CMS VM got upgraded. None of this lark of having multiple old OSes on different VMs clogging up your estate that all need to be upgraded individually.
Are there any x64 or Unix/Linux hypervisors that load a shared read-only copy of a guest OS image in memory?
And Shared Segments weren't just for CMS. They were used by 4GLs like FOCUS and RAMIS. Again when you upgraded it, everything using it got upgraded. No having gazillions of SQL or Oracke versions around.
I also worked on MVS and one thing I wanted to try before I moved on was a single shared read-only SYRES volume, to IPL our 14 MVS systems from. It was technically possible.
Do any x86/*nix virtualisation solutions use shared read-only boot disks?