Re: "In what specific way do you think that Windows 10 infringes the GDPR?"
Windows 10 forces you to choose if you want to opt in to anything classed as personal data under GDPR during install / first run. That includes detailed application crash dumps and potentially virus infected files. You have to decide to approve that - it's not the default.
And again for the browser, it depends entirely if retained information is personally identifiable as to if it comes under the GDPR, and to store that information, informed consent is required.
You can see a summary of that here: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/windows/privacy/gdpr-it-guidance
Whatever you might not like about Windows 10 privacy, it seems to comply with the GDPR as far as I can see.