Re: nickel-56, amirite?
Same as any other ion that jets out from there.. Magnetism, Baby!
1528 publicly visible posts • joined 9 Feb 2012
Not sure about that one , mr Manning...
The african continent, with it's occupants missing the Neanderthal genes, is decidedly non-peaceful and rather rife with various forms of agression, and has been as long as recorded history can prove.
Hell, the slave trade is practically an african invention, since it has proven to be more profitable to sell off your captured prizes, than to go through the trouble to domesticating them yourself. This has been the way since the egyptians. The Arabs and later the europeans simply jumped onto an existing wagon that was already rolling..
as far as maori are concerned.. Last time I checked the tribes in any area of that part of the world were quite accomplished, if not outright vicious, at warfare..
H. Sap. Sap was already agressive before they ever met their Neabderthal cousins. It's what made them successful in taking over the world as a species to begin with. What interbreeding *could* have accomplished is a rapid adaption to the rather frigid environment up north, since Neanderthals were ultimately perfectly adapted to the climate of the clacial period.
That a species of insect that is perfectly able, and even famously known for it, to communicate the presence of a food source, its'abundance, its' distance, and its' direction relative to the position of the sun at that time to others of their hive through *DANCE* , would be utterly flummoxed by a bit of NOx , which also occurs naturally is....well.... less than likely.
To put it politely.
well, you're talking about a sequence of ïf"s, but...
The caldera of that volcano, once cooled down a bit, would make a lovely depression where water would collect. It would also keep that water at quite a nice temperature and environment for a number of "extremophiles" that are quite typical for life in earth's early development. In fact, as long as liquid water was present, the ecological conditions would be close to indistinguishable from early-biotic earth, even while the rest of the planets' climate would be going to hell in a handbasket, and would stay that way for a long time.
If any form of life was already present, it would have concentrated there. If it (still) was not, the conditions there would have been ideal for the final stages of formation. Either way, if there is *any* chance of finding evidence for past life on Mars, that caldera would be a prime spot to look for evidence of it.
By your reasoning any endeavour carrying risk of death or injury would fall afoul of the law, including many daily activities.
The organisors would be culpable if they conspired for the mission to fail, but otherwise you have to assume they will make a serious effort to minimise the risks, which would include the usual tests for fitness and mental stability needed to make an operation like this work to begin with.
Don't forget that the big payoff for the organisors will be lift-off, and the actual landing/initial settlement if they ever pull it off. It's still a commercial venture, after all, and those two moments will be prime selling material.
The planet where Amazon controls 90% of the e-book market. He forgets, however, that most of that stuff is hardly more than slush-pile method-writing. The real good stuff is increasingly self-published, as authors and their agents realise they don't need the old publishers and retail chain anymore unless they want dead-tree format out. And even dead-tree does not require the publishers anymore..
Seen from the point of the Industry, he may have a point, but publishing itself is changing fast and the old behemoths, like in the music industry, are unable and/or unwilling to adapt.
Not really... The biggest problem for the publishers is that e-books cannot be DRM-ed sufficiently enough to make them behave like dead-tree-format books, where you *need* the physical copy to be able to read a book. If something is popular enough, any digital format will get cracked open, copied, and released into the wild. It's simply a given of the modern digital world, and the comapnies producing "media", including book publishers realise this all too well.
What they, and Apple, tried to do was game the system to push up the price of ebooks at the source so that they could sustain their outdated business model, not unlike the record industry continues to do. The publishers simply do not have a sufficient lobby/enforcement agency like the RIAA in place to cover things up for them, so they got burned.
Amazon made a smart move by "dumping" the e-books they bought wholesale to promote their e-reader to maximise their first-sale gain in the long term, since most people that still *do* read books will buy books regardless. They realised that the e-book price was too high to begin with, since it does not need the whole dead-tree manufacturing/distribution chain which is still incorporated in the price, and that the people who do read books tend to be intelligent enough to notice this, making them much more likely to go look for the "freetard" option of finding an un-DRM-ed copy online.
If publishers folded over this, even though they still received their inflated wholesale prices on e-books, their whole position in the market was untenable to begin with. As far as authors are concerned, there are plenty of self-publishing options, and even dedicated e-publishers that sell directly to the public. If you want to make money by telling stories you simply have to be good enough at it, and put in the legwork to make it a viable living. It's not as if there aren't plenty of examples out on the internet where content is provided for free yet still allow the authors/artists to raise a clutch of kids and run a successful business.
Because it's the USPTO, where you just need a scribble and a vague idea to get the patent treadmill running, if you've got the cash to afford it.
Because of this, there are too many applications to actually process, so things get rubberstamped to leave the lawyers to finance their second mansion.
"And can we please stop calling it "trolling". Trolling is about winding someone up, pushing a finger into really oversensitive fans of One Direction, Harry Potter, Star Wars or whatever else. It's a barrel of laughs and not to be confused with threatening violence."
Given that the concept of semi-anonymously riling up an individual or community for "fun" is in and of itself rather ...lame.. and tells a lot about mindset and morals of the individuals engaging in this "pastime", I can see why you choose to use the wuss-option yourself.
In my experience, it is often quite easy to dig into those trolling, and have them burst an artery or two in indignant rage, with the resulting (usually gramatically incoherent) verbal diarrhea containing threats of violence more often than not.
So no, the "issues" shouldn't be separated. They're simply two of many afflictions of the Armchair Bully, and as such should be integrated in the definition of "internet troll".
"We aren't all bastards!"
No, but a significant enough portion or your governement and bureaucracy is, and that's exactly the problem here. This isn't about individuals, but a whole morally corrupt system controlling not just its' own nation, but also trying to hold the rest of the world at ransom.
The vast majority of US citizens are most likely people I wouldn't mind having for a neighbour or a drinking buddy at the pub. The problem is that those people are not in power, the asshat minority is, and they are willing to do anything to preserve and expand their power.
Actually, given the way the "Dutch" banks are playing in the global market, and the way the dutch do business that way, it's simply a logical extension of "technology available".
As long as Amazon can prove that it complies to the very strict banking rules and laws ( which includes privacy regulations) I can see why banks want to use (preferably properly partitioned portions of) the Cloud in place of expensive and just-as-vulnerable-in-other-ways dedicated "scecure" lines and datacentresfor their <very international</em> business.
As with anything Cloud-related, you have got to make a choice in partitioning what you want to put "Out There" and what you want to keep in-house. Any storage/communication protocal has risks, and the "NSA issue" (along with any other nations' intelligence service) is a given. If you want to be "safe" , go cash-only and stay off the internet. ( which in and of itself makes you a target of Attention, but hey...)
Personally, with 16+ million dutch nationals + the odd millions in companies/foreigners using our banking system, my personal finances would not even register other than as a statistic. The sheer scale of the data involved renders you effectively anonymous when it comes to Snooping, and even then ther's always Cash. As long as I can get at my hard-earned euros I do not particularly care how the banks set up their system, as long as it's relatively idiot-proof ( for the bankers) and relatively hard to disrupt ( for The Rest of the Lulzers). If using a dedicated portion of the Cloud does the job, good luck to them.
Not sure if they are clueless. I still need to dig into the specs and do a lot of comparing, but it looks like the thing can be hijacked into some applications where the Pi is not powerful enough and the "Commercial Options" makes the price tag...interesting.. even if you got to do a lot of developing/soldering( yes, that forgotten art still exists..) yourself.
Maybe El Reg could get their incrowd to do a Pi for Slice comparison?
"When you put the same numbers through the same system on differenct machines it should give same answers."
Only when you're working with integers in a non-random process using discrete methods. Which climate/weather models , being emergent systems, using real numbers, involving quite a few random effects do not comply to.
Which is why most weather projections/predictions are averaged over a fair number of runs (500+ usually for our met office (KNMI) for 3-5 day predictions.) and published as nice little expanding graphs letting everyone + dog draw their own conclusions.
As far as the hotheads pro- and con-AGW are concerned: As you'd expect from a country where >50% of its' territory lies well below sea level, the dutch met office has had a long hard look at the current climate data to see if there's any serious threat to our dikes in the near future ( next 100 years), to see whether or not we should be training our fingers to plug holes in them ( once again), or top them up a bit. So far the simple answer is that the requirements set forth in the Delta-plan in the 1960's are more than sufficient to cope with any anticipated sea level rise with a reasonable amount of probability. Increased rainfall on the continent may cause some problems with rivers flooding locally, but we've been coping with that for centuries.
So that 10-meter surge? Not so much. Hockeystick temperature curve? Inconclusive evidence from available data. Deniers? No, but sufficiently sceptic to not accept the extreme ranges of incomplete models as Gospel.
If you'd have read Trevors' replies, restarting the setup should have gone pretty smoothly, if it weren't for a corrputed backup of the VM, which happened to be the only thing that wasn't tested regularly.
The devil is always in the details, but "sloppy"...? Anon Troll is Anon, of course..
Well, opposed to Bounce-Back and Rouded Corners, nuclear technology is something you want to have patents on. Not in the least to have a decent chance of recouping the costs of proving the technology to be "safe".
I definitely like the idea of reactors that repurpose spent rods for more bang for your buck. Feed the waste of the old reactors into the new. Get Paid Twice, as Tagon would say..
How are those laws going to be rendered meaningless? In any nation with strict gun controls there's always been the underground/criminal scene where you can purchase a gun quite easily. 3D printing one would fall under the same category as posession of an illegal firearm, with the resultant trouble with the local magistrates if you're caught.
Maybe the plods would add a charge of "malignant attempted suicide", since contemplating to actually use one of those things is suicidal and will recklessly endanger anybody happening to be near...
"No evidence for primordial soup"
Umm nope. the "primordeal soup" is a concept which is, as Sir Terry et. al. put it, "Lies to Children". It does not exist, but it makes a great visualisation into some really complex chemistry which would have most people run for cover. So no, you wouldn't find it in the fossil record.
"amino acids do not spontaneously form proteins"
On the contrary. They simply do not do so at what we nowadays refer to as "standard conditions". But the conditions on earth in its' infancy were vastly different, and conditions then were perfect for polymerisation reactions for millions of years. So polypeptides and RNA chains could easily form, in fact it would have been near impossible to stop this from happening since the basic peptides and nucleotides form spontaneously from basic stuff like methane, cyanide, CO2, and H2O under those conditions.<br>Ah wait... there is your "primordeal soup"....
"Scientists estimate 80 proteins needed for the simplest conceivable living cell to function. "
Yes, and you'd be surprised how simple the structure of those proteïns is. Quite a lot of them are built up out of "lego brick" like parts that can have a surprising amount of variation in the peptide chain while still maintaining their "bioactive" shape.
This is besides the fact that we're talking "modern cells" here. There's plenty of suggestive evidence that the first "proto-cells" didn't need full fledged proteïns as we know it, but rather used RNA/polypeptide complexes, which are bioactive in quite a few configurations without any cell structure at all..
"How are you going to get the correct number doing the correct job in the same place. A membrane is needed to enclose them, but it must pass the correct nutrients in, and waste products out; how does it know how to do that by accident.Then the cell must have enough DNA to replace its proteins, and to replicate itself. All by accident"
Still random chance, I'm afraid. You're assuming that a single cell must have evolved all this complex machinery at a single instant. It did not happen that way. Rather, a couple of proto-cells evolved to do one trick really good and "coöperated" with other proto-cells who made use of the "waste products" for their particular parlour trick. This process of "passing the buck" for mutual benefit can still be seen today. A nice example is an E. Coli - methanobacteria symbiosis which gives the methanobacteria the anoxic environment they need to survive, and the E.Coli a way to sustain itself under nutrient-starved conditions. It also gives us humans the rather risky parlour trick of Lightable Farts..<br>The ecosystem near black smokers are also a nice example: chemotrophic bacteria are incorporated in the cells of "higher" organisms, giving them te ability to exist in otherwise rather harsh circumstances.
As a matter of fact, the eukaryotic cell is in fact a symbiont composite. The "organelles" are in fact remnants of once-autonomous (proto)cells which have specialised into a specific task. The mytochondria even retained part of their DNA for that purpose.
DNA is actually a johnny-come-lately when it comes to cellular processes. In fact, the nucleus can be seen as an organelle that has specialised in storing and transcribing DNA. DNA is just "memory" , the actual lines of code is made up of RNA. DNA is not bioactive, which is why it is (almost, there are RNA viruses..) universally used in cells for storage. RNA, being bioactive, is way too dangerous to have it gallyvanting about in your carefully tuned system, and the nucleus has some pretty nifty mechanisms to keep the stuff on a short leash ( and recycle it as well... efficiency is everything.)
Bacteria do not have a nucleus, but the actual mechanism of storage and replication of DNA is exactly the same. They also have the nifty trick of excising bits of DNA into plasmids and exchange them with other bacteria. Sort of a trick-exchange program. And we haven't even gone into viruses, plasmoïds, and other forms of "life" that can provide a cell with a new "trick" which may make it more suited to its' environment, and as such works as an amplifier in the emergent system we call "evolution".
So you see... Random chance, basic physics, and a thorough understanding of biochemistry and microbiology can explain the "how" , quite easily.
"Just about every living thing appears suddenly in the fossil record, with no gradual lead-up. Look up Cambrian explosion."
You need to have something that can actually fossilise to have it show up in the fossil record. Single-celled organisms do not fossilise unless they got solid bits in them like diatomae. (the white cliffs of dover are, in fact, a mass grave of such organisms).
There are actually quite a few bits of fossil evidence from before the Cambrian explosion, you might want to look them up yourself. There's some visible on australia's coast. But most of the early evidence of life exists in the fact that life itself has a tendency to do funny things to isotope ratios in places where it exists. Which in turn can be detected by boffinry that's outside of my chosen specialty/youthful sin.
So you see. There's plenty of scientific evidence regarding the pathway of macro-evolution. It simply takes a bit more than a Wikipedia article to actually Grok it.
[Still Lies to Children, but more in-depth would be....urgh...]
Oxygen had something to do with it, but there's some severe limitations to their body plan as well. There's plenty of modern insects that match the size of the *average* critter in the carboniferous period ( and there's some modern beetles that come pretty close to the giants of that age...) The giants are just that. Same as the dinosaurs and the glacial megafauna(s). There's a tendency for life to grow *big* up to the limitations of the bodyplan if there's no competition from other ("superior") bodyplans.
Venus gets a "tad" more radiation from the sun, has an acidic cloud cover that makes for a very comfy blanket, and as such has an atmosphere that is not so much more dense than Earths' but at higher temperature, and thus pressure.
Put Venus in Earths' orbit, and wait for things to cool down, and you will see something that pretty much resembles the Big Rain our planet went through in its' infancy. You will only have to wait a couple of million years...
As for Mars, it's pretty clear that there has been a serious geological upheaval in its' past. Serious enough to leave traces of massive global vulcanism. And not unlike we see in the Earths' geological past after confirmed meteor strikes. As opposed to earth, however, Mars has a relatively small gravity well, and the whole picture of low gravity, and large masses of water being vapourised by large volcanic fields into the atmosphere strikes me as a surefire way to bleed a lot of the atmosphere off into space before things "calm down" again.
And we know for a fact that Phobos and Deimos are captured asteroids ( and we really wouldn't want either of them crashing down here...) Could well be that one of their bigger brethren was captured in a rather more terminal way.