Re: a brief period of time
I blinked and missed those.
9273 publicly visible posts • joined 23 Nov 2007
I also check old stuff bought off eBay or donated by friends. I've seen stuff that had the rotary plug type setting set to 200 or 210.
Some stuff is 220V only and very occasionally has underspec'ed mains transformers so needs a series resistor even for our 230 V.
Electricity (before Brexit) was harmonised across the EU to 220V. But actually they just gave everyone new tolerance limits and the UK had the biggest + limit as the UK nominal 240V can be 245 V.
Modern SMPSUs can work maybe 80V to 260V, though labelled 110V - 240V. They might even try to run at an even lower voltage. But if it's 500W the 2.1A at about 235V to 245V becomes maybe 5A during a brown-out. SMPSUs are a different problem to old AC/DC gear that half wave rectified the direct mains, or tube lamps with no PF correction cap to the Electricity Grid, as reducing the supply voltage a little increases the current load.
Safety googles.
Examples from the 1890s will still work. A diamond stylus for 78 and pitch control is recommended as a range of speeds where used then. So the answer is 130 years or a typically a bit less than 3 minutes per side.
300 Ohms headphones will work fine on any headphone socket labelled 8 Ohms to 100 Ohms.
Some vintage headsets are 600 Ohms. The level may be a bit lower.
Very vintage moving iron headphones are 1000 to 4000 Ohms. They will work too, though level may be low. What you can't do is plug 8 Ohm to 300 Ohm headphones into a connection meant for 1000 to 4000 Ohms and that might even be between a 45V to 250V HT and a valve anode.
This article reads like most HiFi Magazines since the late 1980s. Even a 48 KHz 16 bit DAC is good enough and better than bluetooth.
Disclaimer, I'm a retired electronics design engineer and programmer, I've also worked in the BBC and also installed studios as well has having done sound recording and learning the theory.
It's stupid and expensive compared to desert power generation. Big mirrors and steam might even beat photovoltalic.
Then make synthetic LPG with waste carbon.
Um, plot of Sahara?
The beam is a real issue. At best it's a cone with a huge spot on the ground. To avoid a massive dish in space you need maybe 100 Ghz to 400 GHz. Atmospheric adsorption is a problem. It's not scaleable to any sensibly small beam or big power. The power loss in generation of the microwaves is significant. A solar plant on the ground and big optical mirror in space is more sensible than this. This something for an SF story or a game like Sim City.
SF stories are NOT blueprints for future technology. Ursula Le Guin said they are entertainment, though some can have social comment or a warning.
It was an observation and in real terms probably dead nearly 20 years ago.
15nm is not a 9th of 45 nm process which is not really 4x a 90nm process (by area for same number of transistors or x9 devices or x4 devices per same size chip). They are now fudging it to mean smallest feature rather than typical size. Also in usability for spreadsheet, wordprocessor, email and a web page how much better is an i9 with win10 today vs 2.2 GHz P4 portable with 1600x1200 screen and XP in summer 2002?
But 1981 to 2001 saw massive increases every 6 months to a year. Even 1995 vs 2002 was a huge difference. I had computers since 1979 but no laptop till 1998. My next was in 2000 and massively outclassed by the 2002 model which I used till November 2016, though it had DVD drive, WiFi card, HDD, RAM and GPU card all updated over the 14 years.
Clock rates haven't just stalled due to cooling. Obvious computing is all portable. Not just laptops, but phones, ereaders and tablets. But also now lightbulbs, washing machines, routers, TV sets, BD players, Consoles, microwaves, toys, streaming sticks etc all have cpus.
There is no point in faster clocks and more chip power consumption, that is the x86 dead end. Even in the 1970s and 1980s it was clear that eventually there would be no point to faster clocks, and physical limits to clock speed and per transistor shrinking. Multiprocessing, wafer scale integration and transputers were discussed. By 2007 Samsung was layering ARM CPU, Flash and RAM in one package to save board area, reduce i/o pads and simplify PCB design. Not possible with x86. Intel tried downscaling back to a PIII style design with the Atom for netbooks and tablets. The performance compared to regular power hungry intel CPUs or ARM was abysmal.
There are also issues with yield as you increase the number of devices per chip and reliability decreasing geometry and increasing clock.
And Crypto and Blockchain ONLY "solves" the issue of a bad government controlling a Fiat Currency. In every other respect it's worse:
1) Environmentally damaging
2) Unstable
3) No sensible control of supply, the "Mining" is the stupidest part.
4) Transactions don't scale.
5) Transactions are 1000s of times more costly in time and computers and energy than IBAN.
6) The only reason for Blockchain is to decentralise, have no control and enable a degree of anonymity. All naive and stupid design decisions.
7) It looks like a Pyramid scam
8) It is purely speculative in value.
9) Not actually a currency.
Most existing currencies are also digital.
It will have some free channels, no matter which satellite it's pointing at. It might need a new LNB (cheap). It's not impossible to point it at a different satellite, but time consuming without decent test gear. The Satellites are about 36,000 km away spaced around an imaginary line above the Equator.
A box with an HDMI out is about €45. I use one on the TV that has dual sat tuners because the Android TV is such a rubbish GUI for actual Terrestrial or Sat TV. It's designed for someone using a screen sitting at desk using Internet services and Apps.
I have 5 LNBs in an arc on a bar in front of a 1m dish for 28E, 23E, 19E, 13E and 9E approximately and a box that that takes four Quattro LNBs. I sacrifice one port on 23E (a 1/4 approximately) to have the 9E which only provides one band and polarisation.
I use it also to listen to TSF Jazz, here in Ireland. The magic box in the shed under the dish has 12 outlets (an earlier one had 16). I use little €6 FM transmitters intended for phones or mp3 players to car radios on 3 satellite boxes, powered by the USB port (the boxes have two and work a USB HDD fine for timed recording). So I have three extra FM channels derived from Satellite, though I've nearly stopped listening to BBC R4. The FM radios in house, workshop, phone etc get good stereo.
I set the boxes to only store the free TV & Radio at install. Cancelled Sky nearly 15 years ago. Wife watches free tennis on BBC and German Eurosport and uses timer on the €45 box to record on the SATA HDD, from a scrapped laptop put in a €8 USB case. Unlike the Sony TV it doesn't want to reformat and encrypt the disk.
About 2,500 free radio stations and about 1800 free TV. Both mostly either garbage, or in languages I don't know or both.
They complained I had a leak or excessive consumption.
We turned off the main stop cock and consumption continued.
After an hours investigation he turned off the water entirely. Except it didn't.
The meter and tap in the street in front of our house works next door's water.
Ours is two up the street. He thought the one in the middle didn't have an outlet.
So next door had high consumption.
But the toilet and washing machine in the shed gets water from somewhere else.
And DO NOT open and resave an extra "doc" or "docx" you created by Save As in LO Writer as editing THAT will convert it. Edit ONLY in ODT and "Save As" and EXTRA copy in "doc" or "docx" for the MS Office users remembering to embed fonts.
Or for Read Only Export save a PDF. Works better than any MS Office PDF creation.
There is a bug in many versions of MS Word where the last line before a page break looks ok, but is fully justified when created to a PDF or imported elsewhere. MS know about this:
"Add an extra carriage return by pressing enter on the end of the last line, then Backspace to delete it"
(From their site).
They use 700, 800, 900, 1800 or 2100 MHz bands and more power as they are licensed. WiFi uses low power "pre-licensed" 2400 MHz or 5800 MHz approx.
The 900 band used in Europe is good, the USA equivalent is 800 MHz and 1800 MHz in Europe isn't bad.
DECT (1900 MHz?) has MUCH better range and battery life than a WiFi VOIP phone.
No, that's nonsense, unless you purely mean the air interface. But various versions of WiFi and various versions of Mobile have had similar Air interfaces.
WiFi is a free connection to your broadband. You can to an extent controi how many devices use yours, but the spectrum is shared.
LTE is designed for mobility, seamless handover between masts (bases) and CHARGING you. There is no control of contention other than refusing connections. You may not connect at all if it's busy. The spectrum is shared with an unknown number of other customers.
We had Thin-net aka cheaper net from 1994 to 1998. A 10 M bps shared medium. We moved in 1998 and installed cat5 (not even cat5e) and used initially 10/100 Hubs, then 10/100 switches and now all 100/1000 switches with no change to the cables. The distance possible is just shorter on Cat5 and some of it might be as good as Cat5e.
Wifi was a shared 2 Mbps in 2001. Then 54 Mbps, then Turbo 108 Mbps Some of it can do over 300 Mbps but mostly a SHARED 100 Mbps approx due to all the neighbours with SkyQ and WiFi Printers as well as regular WiFi. Our server, modem, on microwave link, firewall/router, Airpoints x2 and switch is all on UPS, so the wifi goes twice as fast during a power cut.
WiFi 6 as per previous versions has a fantasy headline speed in most of the real world, as has 3G, 4G, 5G with economical numbers of customers.
If you can put mains wire, then you can run LAN cable, Most of the cost in an office might be cable terminations, the patch panels and managed switches. Not the actual cable and install.
Similarly any premises with mains electricity, water and sewage can cheaply have fibre. Promotion of Satellite and Mobile for basic premises internet (and it's not broadband) is due to market distortions and poor national comms regulation.
Many used today were designed before Websites existed, though embryonic Internet did exist.
1) Best solution: Don't network at all.
2) Next best: Hardened secure Linux host with secure VPN access to that via dedicated port.
I was warning people about this 20 years ago.
I remember some slimline Wang 286 PCs with drives that LOOKED like IDE. Same rear, same ribbon.
But they used a ROM and socket on the riser card for the I/O cards. No actual IDE drive would work on the PC, nor would these "IDE appearance" drives work on anything else.
Never had a problem with my SATA-IDE interfaces, or indeed the IDE-SATA (except the laptop BIOS would refuse to load if more than a 120G drive (IDE or SATA) detected in the Media Bay. Just about space to fit IDE-SATA adaptor in the media bay HDD case and add an 80G SATA drive.
SATA - IDE adaptors at about €6 work for HDDs, CD-ROMs and DVD drives.
Far more compatible and faster than a USB adaptor.
I do have one older Mobo with Linux and a floppy port. The 5.25", 3.5" and 3" drives do work and using a library, even CP/M formats including Amstrad. I compiled the Joyce Emulator too, which was a bit of work to get all the aged dependencies. But it works with real 3" drives or files emulating drives.
Warning: the 3" drives have the +5V and +12V reversed, but I knew that from using a 3.5" drive in the PCW8256 (with RAM upgraded to 512).
You can use 8" or 3" drives on a regular floppy port just with a dumb cable adaptor. But Apple II 100K 5.25" drives won't work on anything except an Apple II; proprietary.
USB Floppy adaptor/drive ONLY works for regular FAT12 MSDOS discs. No good for CP/M, Amstrad or Amiga.
I'm not sure if Amiga discs can be read on the setup and I have an idea the Hard Sectored discs (a hole per sector instead of just one) might not work. ACT 1/ Victor 9000 5.25" floppies won't work either as they are variable speed to increase capacity.
Periodically backups need transferred to new mediums. Writeable CDs, DVDs and Flash can fade. Other formats of tape, MO disc, floppy, HDD etc need interfaces and/or drives unavailable.
I THINK I've everything copied off old IDE drives lying around and I did copy the old MFM drives content on XTs and ATs to IDE on an AT clone. (5 M, 10 M and 20M byte drives).
My library-office room was once a bedroom. The wall behind me is entirely books. In front of me is mostly books. Front of desk has 3 x book cases.
Side walls about 1/3 bookcases.
I only WFH now because I packed in Electronics and IT and only write fiction that's officially fiction. Both sorts, SF and F. Either can have all other genres.
Some of the reports in the old days were fiction. We rarely did video or audio conferencing, so tended to travel.
I upgraded to a lovely 2560 x 1440 screen and closed the laptop lid. I went into Currys to look at webcams and ordered from China at 1/20th the price, because I use Viber and Zoom to chat with family members and if I open the laptop they see the side of my face.
Why do they all have microphones and assume you run Windows? I use a headset.
The analogue ones in the late 1970s didn't work well with Image Intensifiers as they are noisy, so cameras with motion detection in the dark used a pair of IR flood lamps. Actually a pair of 200W heat lamps with black filters. Then later CCD replaced tube cameras and IR LEDs replaced the filtered heat lamps.
There must be more to this than suggested in the article. But the word "smart" on a product or project is meaningless.
All the 2FA that I'm forced to use, uses SMS. Those can be diverted or intercepted.
But it's the PHONE NUMBER you need, not an identical phone. I've tested by putting the SIM in a basic GSM only 2.5" square screen feature phone. Still works.
So how do I clone my SIM for my backup phone (a nice 4.3" Sony Android)? You can get a new free SIM from an operator. Getting the same number from a lost or stolen SIM is hard. In contrast, changing operator and having existing number from a not-lost SIM transferred works in less than 15 minutes.
I view Apple's software SIM idea as simply Apple's way to lock you to an iPhone.
They are not really about validating you. It's crowd funded machine learning.
I put on my web form, in different places:
The Subject must be at least a ten character phrase.
Please enter a sentence of at least ten characters as your message:
and the CAPTCHA is a simple addition question like 3 + 2 =
Spam has dropped to zero.
Yes, it useless for people that can't read and write English, but I as the recipient can only read and write English. I did upgrade to HTTPS: which has increased page hits by about x100, though I suspect bots, even though my counter is supposed to ignore bots. How does that code know?
https://xkcd.com/2228/
and
https://xkcd.com/1897/
Even non-US citizens have to prove that they are not USA and fill a USA tax declaration every 3 years if they have any sort of sales account with any USA based company. Even if there is no income, otherwise the USA taxes any income at source.
You have to give up USA citizenship or be a US Corporation to avoid USA Tax. Some other countries do this too. Your OWN country has to have a tax treaty with the country you are working in, and/or you need to prove you are not resident etc.
Really?
Loads of people prefer more productive XP and 7. It's the worst UI since Windows 2.0, or 3.0 on a Hercules card.
It might have better insides, but it's horrible to configure and use. Many people have no choice due to corporate applications, payroll or accounts.
A Windows 11 more like Win98/XP/2003/7 GUI, with properly configurable themes, a single control panel and an end to all the stupid crippled versions: Just Workstation and Server. Maybe a Tablet Edition.
Control & Setup back all in one place.
Put back all the GUI stuff removed in Home (most crippled) Edition.
Discussing sideloading, Cook said its inclusion on the iPhone would "damage privacy and security."
No, he's worried about Apple's totally obscene profit margin. Not about the users.
It increases landfill too! I was able to install archived apps on an Android 2.x gadget last year and specialist direct from Git applications as APK for current Android that are not on Google's PlayStore.
An iOS device feels like it's rented from Apple. I won't get another.
No, I've used Red Hat from 1999, Ubuntu in 2007. Also plain Debian, Suse, DSL etc. It's nothing like any Linux desktop ever was. I've tested loads of Linux desktops for usability and CPU resource on Netbooks and servers.
Win10 is worse than any Linux ever was since 1999. Win 11 looks like a minor change.
Win 7 was a service pack for Vista. Nice visually, no over done, but you COULD make Vista/7 almost like 98 / XP / Server 2003.
But File-manager and access to settings WORSE in Vista/7 than XP.
I'm using Server 2003, Win9x and Oxygen Icons as the theme components on my Linux Mint with Mate Desktop, and I can log-on with alternate desktops. Win10 is the least configurable GUI since Win 3.0.
NT 3.51 with the Explorer Preview Desktop and original style File-manager was better than NT 4.0 or Win 10, though NT 4.0 could use the old style File-manager. Explorer File manager is a disaster. Especially on 7 & 10 with the fake paths.
A paper (or vellum) document, certified by accredited witnesses is real and could last 1000s of years. Notarized, certified copies can be made.
An NFT is simply a scam and doesn't prove ownership. It's environmentally unfriendly and relies on complex infrastructure owned by third parties. Another speculative vehicle to snare people, like cryptocurrencies which are not digital currencies. Any existing currency can be purely digital. No new software or technology needed.
We need to stop using GPS as a cheap clock. Atomic clocks are not so expensive now and a decent solar flare or a system error can take out GPS based time world wide, then DTT, Mobile, DAB, Internet and other stuff needlessly fails. Jamming can take out or spoof local use of GPS.
A big enough solar flare is a certainty, we just don't know when. GPS should only be used for navigation, and critical systems should have some sort of alternative navigation, even if only dead reckoning (inertial) that's normally corrected by GPS and can take over.
Any decent scratch model maker can replicate any case. No need for Calvin's box or a 3D printer.
If you have access to an original case it's not hard to make a mould.
Though the market is really small unless:
1) Very iconic model
2) The new insides do all the current stuff and run emulator for original.
3) The cost is OK
4) Quality is OK
Loads of retro styled computers have failed. People's memories are fading too so the shops are full of so called retro styled kettles, toasters, mixers, radios, record players etc that look nothing like anything ever did, but some graphic designer once saw a Ladybird book illustration 20 or 30 years ago when 3 and half remembered it. Also means they can't get sued as copyright and registered design protection might apply. Which is why some global marketing companies have bought up defunct names famous 20 to 30 years ago. Most of the labels in shops now are brands and the product has zero connection to original company or designer and sometimes function.