Re: "...using methods that can be replicated anywhere on the planet."
Incorrect fix. The second is still defined terestrially, and there's currently no way to change this because of the lack of any kind of absolute point of reference. Put it this way. The measurement of cesium oscillation can change depending on how high up one is on the planet (due to time dilation effects). That's why the qualification of using mean sea level on a theoretical geoid.