Well there's a stroke of luck
And I only just threw out my DM printer too. Fifteen years ago.
Researchers have devised a novel way to recover confidential messages processed in doctors' offices and elsewhere by analyzing the sounds made when documents are reproduced on dot-matrix printers. This so-called side-channel attack works by recording the “acoustic emanations” of a confidential document being printed, and then …
"Whereas dangling a 7cm long microphone 2cm away from the printer would be far less conspicuous."
Bah. Just "forget" a bag with the microphone and recorder near the printer. Depending on the circumstances, it might stay in place for some time before anyone wonders. With suitable camoflaging, the presence of the equipment could also survive the bag being opened by the doctor's assistant.
So who sends old ribbons for secure destruction? some types of ribon show exactly what was typed, (the ribon moves on after each keystroke) all you need to do is unwind the ribbon and hey presto every message ever typed..
anyway today its Thermal Laser and Inkjet that rule the roost, Old News.
Ribbons are typically changed when the ink is diminished. Until then the ribbon has gone under the print heads dozens of times and deciphering text from the ribbon would probably need serious laboratory work.
You could as well ask who sends their laser printer's drum for secure destruction as the last pages printed could be restored as well.
As the GP said, there are SOME types of ribbon ...
I had an IBM "Quietwriter". Its ribbon had a thin polythene (?) substrate with a thin film of ink on it. It was drawn once through from a feed spool to a take-up spool, and advanced after each character typed. Once all through the cartridge had to be thrown away. You could draw out the ribbon afterwards and read every word as transparent characters in the black ink.
Try winding it back for a second run, and the printed characters would miss bits of black where they co-incided with what had been typed on the first run.
It was very wasteful. Even if you had just one character on a line it would still advance the ribbon by the length of a whole line.
There was the full quality setting that advanced a complete letter at a time, and there was the draft quality setting, that actually only moved a fraction of a character position. This meant that you may get gaps in the later letters, where there was an overlap, but your ribbons lasted many times longer. This would make it much more difficult (though not impossible) to read from the ribbon.
I think that they were different ribbons, but it may have been a lever setting in the printer. I don't think it was a software setting.
These were actually thermal transfer printers rather than impact printers. This is how they managed to be so quite. Normal whirring from moving the print head and paper, but printing was silent.
Mine only advanced the ribbon for each letter printed (the ribbon was mounted on the print head), not on a per-line basis although mine was a Quietwriter III or IV and could have been different from Nuke's, so was not quite as wasteful as he suggested.
Some printers and electric typewiters use a 'one time' ribbon, similar to the ribbons used in labelprinters and such today.
(thin plastic film with a black coating that is transferred to the paper with an electric discharge)
Of course, most of those printers could use 'fax paper' insted of normal paper just by removing the ribbon. but those prints tended to fade over time.
This was known as a "carbon ribbon" and such typewriters would be found on the desks of the secretaries of high-ups. The quality of the output was more akin to sharp print, or to the yet-to-be-invented laser printer. More advanced typewriters could do proportional spacing and even justification. Remember the IBM Golf Ball machine? That could even handle mixed faces.
The IBM electric typewriters of the day had a keyboard that was so sensitive that even breathing too hard produced a string of gibberish on the paper. Those who tamed it could type very fast on it.
Oh... I guess this was about Dot-Matrix printers, not typewriters!
Distinctive sounds, yes... I used to dance to them, in the office, while waiting for print to finish. You can't do that with a laser!
This requires the words and letters to be written in sequence...
It shouldn't be too difficult to make the printer write a few characters, skip a few, write a few more, backtrack and fill in (part of?) the hole and so on.
Or, you could have it write the upper half of a line, then the bottom half on the return pass. Or maybe do an 'even/odd' dot pass?
rather than an acoustic hood (expensive, big, traps heat, makes access awkward), just add a small speaker to the printer that generates acoustically similar random noise while printing - it will be no louder than the print noise itself, and will mask the acoustic signature of the print head.
Interesting and Im glad some chap has had a brainwave, sat down and worked it out - alas while it is a nice bit of thinking I cannot see any pratical use for it. I myself use dot matrix printers at work to print out hire contracts on carbon copy paper - it certainly wouldnt be the end of the world if someone found out what was being printed...
Still, its nice to know it can be done!
According to Viktor Suvorov (if I recall correctly) in the specially suspended secure room inside a Soviet embassy, with noise generators between it and the surrounding walls, reports had to be written with a pencil as the sound of a typewriter, should it despite all the precautions be recorded by the enemy, could perhaps be analysed to discover what was being typed.
So, technology has advanced beyond the physical carbon paper copy stage to the point where you can just tell your printer to print 2 copies (or even more if you want) and yet the Germanics are still using carbon paper and impact printing.
It's not like you couldn't simply print something different onto carbon paper, so it's not like it's a guarantee of anything.
More like "Rucksprung Durch Schreiberei".
"So, technology has advanced beyond the physical carbon paper copy stage to the point where you can just tell your printer to print 2 copies (or even more if you want) and yet the Germanics are still using carbon paper and impact printing."
Multi-part stationary is used for a reason - it makes things a little harder to forge, for a start...
But one has to start somewhere, and it seems rather logical to use the most obvious system to weed out the errors first.
After all, what input is being used may have little influence once the patterns have been defined.
Thus, the next step of this boffinry is to ensure that recognition gets boosted to at least 95% in all cases.
After that, all that is needed is to define the patterns of an inkjet printer and presto ! Industrial espionage via the secretary's personal paper waster.
It's a work in progress, don't knock it.
"anyway today its Thermal Laser and Inkjet that rule the roost, Old News."
Err, not when you want 24/7 unsupervised logging on contiuous paper they don't. And when you want a printer than can go 2 weeks doing said logging without bitching about a new toner/ink cartridge being required and refusing to work until its replaced. DMs will happily carry on printing no matter what the state of the ribbon.
And just to prove the pointlessness of the research.. you give a '24/7 unsupervised' printer as an example of one that could be 'spied' upon! Doh! hardly difficult spying on that..
Of course there are specialist devices for specialist jobs. but today surely DM is less than 2% of printers.. hence does not rule in the world of printers.
You don't need sound to monitor a dot matrix printer remotely - plenty of electromagnetic radiation from the print head drivers and it probably goes through windows and walls better as well. Even inkjet and laser printers, especially those in plastic cases, will probably radiate well enough to reveal their output to a suitably-equipped remote listener.
Great achievement guys. Usefulness in the real world - zero.
For your next trick, how's about traffic light sensors to detect a horse and cart waiting? Or a lightweight flashing red light as an improvement to the flag carried by the chap walking in front of your Model T Ford? Maybe even a gadget to let you know that your rapier is properly seated in its scabbard?
Government Agencies, Doctors, Automotive Repair, Police Departments, ad infinitum are still using Dot Matrix printers. These printers are preferred due to low maintenance, low user intervention, and ability to print NCR forms. Sure, you can have your laser/inkjet print multiple copies, but there still runs the risk of it printing one form differently than the others (think contract law and legal proceedings).
As for a stoplight that can detect Horse & Buggy, such a sensor would be useful for motorcycles, cars made with non-ferrous materials, and even the, you know, Horse and Carts that are still seen in some parts of the country.
San ld LX-300 would bang away noisily for years" - hope you nicknamed the printer Paris then (cos some had to. It's the law)
What will the massivly paranoid comd up with next. Work out how to steal some one's credcit card details by analysing someone's shit and work out which restaurant they ate at! Do these people ever leave their faraqday sheilded panic rooms
Interesting proof of concept, but probably not so useful for espionage. Given the age of dot-matrix hardware, it might be simpler to look a little dongle between the printer and the parallel port? Hell, these days you could probably put a tiny microcontroller and an 8Gb flash chip in the parallel plug, record everything between "servicings".
Laser mic. There are mics that work based on the vibration of the target - not the sound. They are used in surveillance, where You can point one to a closed window and "hear" what's going on inside.
Why not point one of these at the printer itself? Works from dozens (hundreds?) of meters.
Why do we still rely on carbon copy paper? Surely this dates back to a time of no printers, or printers which were too slow to print everything out twice. Is there some antiquated law which dictates that carbon copy paper must still be used for certain things? If so, it's about time it was rescinded.
I suppose there is the case where you might require two copies of one signature. But then there has been plenty of times when I've had to sign certain paperwork multiple times.
but legally, there is a difference between two copies printed at the same time using multi-part stationery, and two copies printed one-after-another. There is no guarantee that the two serially printed sheets are identical, because they could just be one print after another, with the second one slightly different. How would you know unless you minutely compared them?
And yes, I know that the lower copies in a multi-part *could* have been pre-printed, but that is why they come bound together with tear-off sprockets, so that you can tell whether the lower copy has been tampered with.
Instead of messing around with microphones and DM printers how about creating a replacement print cartridge for ink jet printers with memory built in. If you can get close enough to place a microphone then you can get close enough to replace the cartridge of the printer with one that records every dot printed.
Getting hold of the memory could either be done wirelessly or by going through the trash.
Have you ever changed ink or toner before? I'm pretty sure putting in a modified cartridge would be far more conspicuous than placing a covert recording device. Audio bugs these days can fit on the head of a pin and could be placed on the printer with the touch of a single finger, in passing.
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"Wikipedia has a higher accuracy rating than printed encyclopedias, including Encyclopedia Britannica"
Where did you read that? Wikipedia?*
"But people could change it! Yeah, and I could walk into your house and write in your encyclopedia, big deal"
A biro drawing of a cock-n-balls might not be noticeable in your encyclopedia, but would be in mine**.
* It's the joke that just keeps on giving!
** Implication of my owning an encyclopedia was added for comedic effect.
This type of acoustic eavesdropping was used decades ago to determine what was being typed on IBM "ball" typewriters. The delay between the key press and the type strike is unique for each position on the type ball. Spy agencies would try to stick a "bug" in the typewriters they wanted to monitor.
You're all missing the point! The key question, the BIG question here is: Where in Aazathoth's name did these kids find a dot matrix printer that was a) in working order and 2) had a driver that was compatible with today's operating systems?
As for multipart paper - the use of it goes back to impact line printer days and has little or nothing to do with the legal world (that in all probability came up with its persnickety rule years after carbon copies were a reality).
Multipart stationery is - or was - used simply to save time. There was typically one and only one printer in a computer room and it ran all night non-stop in most shops I worked in.
Many years ago a fellow consultant at a large manufacturing plant in the UK brought all development to a halt by printing nine copies of an enormous bill of materials print ( we're talking a box of fanfold greenbar per copy here). Once the protests had risen to a certain level I asked what was going on and was filled in. I then asked the lady responsible why she hadn't run it as two print runs (one on four-part, one on five) instead of nine runs on top copy only. The stunned silence from the young and restless, who had forgotten that it wasn't always simpler to just say print X copies in the ECL was quite satisfying.
I grabbed her hands as she tried to cancel her run (which would have wasted 3/4 box of paper) and called the operators and had them intervene by loading two-part in 3 of her queued runs, then sticking them into backlog until the early morning and it was Job Done.
Of course, no-one but me had ever tried to read the bottom copy of five part (mostly illegible black smudge) or the top copy (mostly letter-shaped holes punched in the paper due to the need to dial the print hammers up to Maximum Wellie just to see *anything* on the bottom copy) and so there was yet another voyage of discovery to be undertaken by the New Guard when someone remembered my advice.
Luckily that would be after my contract was up and I was long gone.
Ah, the Goodole Daze.
You're talking chain or band line printers here. I very much doubt that a dot-matrix, even a heavy duty one like a Printronix, would be able to do more than three part, chemical transfer paper.
When I was working with mainframe band printers, we were using multi-part fanfold stationery with interleaved carbon paper (not chemical transfer paper). There was a machine called a splitter, which would split the copies out and wind the carbon paper up for disposal, while leaving the two split copies neatly folded (at least, if the operator threaded it correctly). For three and more part stationery, it had to be put through further times to split each copy off. Interestingly enough, each carbon sheet had a completely legible copy of what was on the page. We also had authorized cheques with a second carbon copy, but this was for audit purposes.
I was once told that the hood on these fast printers was more than just acoustic protection, because if the band or chain broke, it was moving so fast that it would damage the hood as it flew off. Not something I would like to hit me.
Where's the old fart icon.
I was designing counter measures to EMC eavesdropping and the like on such impact printers back in the 80's (US Gov't Tempest spec) . There's little new here... If anything this illustrates the knowledge management issues across generations regarding such forms of security aware technology.
How unnecessary! As all von Däniken fans know, walls (and other solid objects) record all the sounds that were ever played within or near them, at the quantum level. Now if we only had a way of playing it back ...
Mine's the one with a copy of "Chariots of the Gods" in the pocket ...
Another use for dot matrix printers:
If you take out the ribbon and trick the sensor with matchsticks and/or electrician's tape, they can print onto the stencils used in those old hand-cranked printing presses they used to use in schools before photocopying became affordable.
Laser printers are not secure at all -- they have internal memory to "spool" the print jobs, and most of this can be (and apparently often IS) recovered when the printer goes for service/recycling. Ditto copiers capable of more than single copies.
During the Cold War the Ruskis were able to intercept encrypted communications from foreign embassies by remotely reading the electromagnetic fluctuations in the 6 inches of bare cable from the tele-typewriters to the encryption box.
Biros sending signals of the what was being written, by monitoring pressure and direction, existed, not just in Bond movies.
Hard drives in discarded First World computers are being read in Chinese "recycling" shops to obtain banking and other data useful for ID theft.
The only really secret secret in the world is the one not communicated to ANYBODY and not even thought very loudly.
Where's the AFDB icon???
I've even seen color ribbons for those. And new ones can be bought straight from Epson, with USB cabling and all.
There is no other way to print 5-way Carbon-copy invoices. We usually run out of continuous-feed invoice paper faster than the ribbons. Plus we were able to 'recycle' ribbons using stamp ink. Messy, but very effective. And cheap.
But wait, we have an Olivetti Tekne 3, for when the PC hooked to the LX-300 craps up, or out-of-hours emergency batches. Yes, that's a typewriter, it weights only 35Kg, it is 35 years-old, and still works. You could swear that the desk where both of them are sitting could collapse any minute, due to vibration. You can hear those from 500 feet away, without microphones. Both of them sound like high-pitch jackhammers. We are almost required to use earplugs.