back to article Chip strip reveals 'handmade' Apple A6

Electron microscope photos of an Apple A6 processor lifted out of an iPhone 5 confirm the presence of a dual-core ARM CPU within the system-on-a-chip plus a trio of Imagination Technologues PowerVR graphics cores. The SoC was pulled from the handset by the team at iFixit.com, and the die extracted from its ceramic package and …

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  1. Dave 126 Silver badge

    These sort of pictures...

    ...always look like satellite photos of industrial estates to me.

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      No wonder

      They charge so much, like bespoke suits, they cost more.

    2. JaitcH
      Unhappy

      Compared to Apple MAPS APP ...

      these are detailed and coherent.

      Pity Apple can't emulate them in the satellite pix.

  2. Giles Jones Gold badge

    Autolayout doesn't always work best. It's like Sat Nav :)

  3. Alan Dougherty
    WTF?

    Samsung

    The question is, does Apple have enough suppliers to drop Samsung, before Samsung decide it's not worth dealing with Apple, and taking the risk to not sign a new fab contract?

    Considering that Samsung currently owe $1bn to Apple, (I know it's still in the courts, but if they do end up paying it), would it cheaper to pay fees for breaking a contract early, and let Apple stew in a channel of no parts, or use it to beat Apple round the head? (i.e. drop the shitty patent suits, or you get no more parts, and we'll pay the contract fees)?.. Anybody know what the default fees might be?

    In no business, have I ever heard of a parts supplier, continue to supply parts, to a rival, that is doing it's best to bankrupt the supplier.. it just does not compute... and what if Apple win, and Samsung shuts down.. sure the different fabs and labs might be broken up, but those would go the prefered bidder..

    Maybe Apple want to assimilate teh Samsung R&D and fabs, without the hassle of setting up their own.. but that would just expose their lack of internal investment or over-outsourcing in the first place...

    If that was the case, I can't see the Samsung investors not selling to another rival like Google anyway.. just for the shits and giggles..

    1. chipxtreme
      WTF?

      Re: Samsung

      crApple would hardly bankrupt Samsung. All these lawsuits are trying to achieve is to block the biggest mobile phone maker in the world who they are losing market share to. Rather pathetic really.

    2. ElNumbre

      Re: Samsung

      Plus one of the benefits of being a big conglomerate is you become like a hydra - you cut one head off and two more grow back. Even if Sammy Electronics were taken to bankruptcy, Sammy Group could close that down and continue with its other operations. Plus, their patent pool would be owned by the group, so there'd be nowt stopping them growing a 'Samsung Chips and Bits' and a 'Samsung Phones and Telly's' division in its place.

    3. GettinSadda
      Alert

      Re: Samsung

      More to the point - how much would it damage Samsung's future business?

      When you have a chip that needs building, do you go for the slightly cheaper company that shafted a major customer, or the other FAB that have never done that?

      1. ThomH

        Re: Samsung

        Samsung would be foolish to cut Apple off. Apple wouldn't just go home and think 'well, that showed us!', they'd take the same amount of money and give it to a competitor. All Samsung would achieve would be to boost their own competition.

    4. Steve I
      Facepalm

      Re: Samsung

      "I can't see the Samsung investors not selling to another rival like Google anyway.. just for the shits and giggles.."

      With billions of $ at stake, they'd sell to the highest bidder.

      1. Alan Dougherty

        Re: Samsung

        @Steve I

        ""I can't see the Samsung investors not selling to another rival like Google anyway.. just for the shits and giggles.."

        With billions of $ at stake, they'd sell to the highest bidder."

        Don't misquote me please, I said "If that was the case", just before that.. I never claimed it was the case, or was the current situation..

        You may well be right, and probably are; I'm sort of being devils advocate here, especially with the current questions around juror's conduct behind closed doors.

        However, even though I know pride comes before a fall; If I was a boardmember of Samsung, and any part of the company was looking like it was going to be sold to Apple, I'd fall on my sword and sell what I had to Google, before I'd let those fruity harpies near it.

  4. circuitguy

    this layout probably is more based on thermal issues and cheaper assembly cost. the spacing lowers hot spots.

    1. GettinSadda
      Boffin

      Having done some chip layout myself, it is amazing how much performance you can gain by using the human brain rather than an algorithm. I would put my money on performance first with thermal being an extra benefit.

      However, the algorithm generally does it while you get a cup of coffee (or with this size of design maybe lunch) but hand layout can take weeks!

    2. Vic

      > the spacing lowers hot spots.

      It's been a while since I was anywhere near CPU design, but back then, whitespace was indicative of a rushed design; less exacting florplanning requirements meant you could get the chip our quicker, at the cost of a larger (= more expensive) die and the commensurate lower yield...

      Vic.

  5. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Two points

    #1 -- To me, a "haphazard" layout would actually indicate that it was laid out by a computer, which would have little regard to making sure that all the GPU cores were lined up in a nice row etc.

    #2 -- Laying out a chip like this by hand might increase clock speed and/or reduce power consumption but layout doesn't affect the actual function of the chip and doesn't explain how a 1.2GHz core could run faster than a 1.5GHz version of the same core.

    I would side with AnandTech on this and say the most interesting thing about the A6 is that it likely has an in-house ARM design and not that it (may have been) laid out by hand.

  6. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Corporate firewall

    I notice Shamsung were quick to mention 1GB memory in their apple bashing adverts before the outside world got their hands on the iPhone. Makes you wonder if they'll copy anything from the A6

    1. Philippe
      Trollface

      Re: Corporate firewall

      Samesong will probably copy everything they can from this design.

      They describe themselves as a "quick follower". which for everyone else means "not from China cloner".

      The next Galaxy S4 will have a dualcore "hand made" chip with a tricore graphics chip.

      it will be long and thin with rounded corner instead of pebble, and will have an aluminium back instead of plastic.

      Available in black and white.

      You heard here first,

    2. Fibbles

      Re: Corporate firewall

      The SIII has 2GB or RAM if you get the 1.5Ghz dual core version. It's the quad core 1.4Ghz version that only has 1GB RAM. Either way it's a faster chip than the A6.

      The SIII has an overclocked Mali 400 graphics core. In benchmarks it sits between the dual PowerVR cores of the iPhone 4S and the four PowerVR cores used in the latest iPad. Whilst it's not a direct comparison I'd guess that gives it similar performance to the three PowerVR cores in the iPhone5.

      The iPhone 5 which has just been released appears to be slower than the 3 month old Galaxy SIII, at least on paper.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Corporate firewall

        Check the benchmarks, the iPhone 5 looks to outperform the SIII in most categories. 3D game performance in particular seems to be very strong and able to match the quad-graphics performance of the iPad 3:

        http://www.anandtech.com/show/6324/the-iphone-5-performance-preview

        1. Anonymous Coward
          Anonymous Coward

          Re: Corporate firewall

          I love how this post has been down voted. Seems like SIII owners are the ones in a reality distortion field.

          1. Dave 126 Silver badge

            Re: Corporate firewall

            Likewise. Anandtech have have been clear about their benchmarks and run plenty of them. A Reg poster links to this factual, objective and repeatable article and gets downvoted. Oh well...

          2. Anonymous Coward
            Anonymous Coward

            Re: Corporate firewall

            I'm guessing he got downvoted because the Anandtech benchmarks don't appear to resemble anyone else's. Unfortunately nearly every rag out there has decided to reference the Anandtech results as proof positive that the iPhone 5 is faster (Inquirer, Yahoo, PC Mag; I'm looking at you).

            http://browser.primatelabs.com/android-benchmarks

            http://browser.primatelabs.com/ios-benchmarks

            1. Anonymous Coward
              Anonymous Coward

              Re: Corporate firewall

              Anandtech posted results from multiple benchmarks, all you're referencing is Geekbench which is well known to be unreliable for cross-platform comparisons and only good for testing a limited set of CPU features.

              But if you really want to use Geekbench as your point of comparison, don't forget that the update was only released today to use the new armv7s instruction set of the A6, so we haven't seen what that will do to scores. See here: http://www.primatelabs.com/blog/2012/09/apple-a6/

  7. E 2

    I can just the the Dear Leader effortlessly laying out the CPU module using a pencil and paper, while his CPU engineers are all being tortured in the next room.

  8. Mage Silver badge
    Headmaster

    Thermal & Standard sub parts

    Looks like library parts placed into a die to maximise spacing and reduce thermal issues. Only Intel with their insanely over complex designs needs to "fill" the chip.

    Any layout is a mix of autorouting and manual expertise or else anyone could buy the tools and do it.

  9. Velv
    Devil

    So not using a Nehalem this time then...

    http://www.tomshardware.com/news/apple-a5-nehalem-processor-ipnone-4s,13622.html

  10. Clive Galway
    Trollface

    Can't be "Hand Designed" by apple...

    ... the cores don't have rounded corners.

    1. Robredz
      WTF?

      Re: Can't be "Hand Designed" by apple...

      Do they have "Thermal Vortex" (tm) cooling?

      What? don't worry I made it up. Thermal Vortex is my copyright and trademark . Apple my lawyers are wathing, just don't claim that cooling system, it will cost you...........

  11. This post has been deleted by its author

  12. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Which part of the chip has the vulnerability?

    I'm looking for the factory reset by url/bonk/etc vulnerability that Samsung copied but I can't quite find it on the photograph.

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: Which part of the chip has the vulnerability?

      >...vulnerability that Samsung copied but I can't quite find it on the photograph

      I suspect you are one of those who should probably get used to not finding stuff.

      1. Ross K Silver badge
        Pint

        Re: Which part of the chip has the vulnerability?

        I suspect you are one of those who should probably get used to not finding stuff.

        Ha ha. Put-down of the week. Well done sir.

  13. Emelia
    Pint

    Nothing out of the ordinary

    "If Apple has eschewed well-established - and used in pretty much every chip design elsewhere - die layout software tools in favour of a more manual layout..."

    This is nonsense......having done chip design/layout for the last 20 years, it is NOT uncommon for layout to be done by "hand". Invariably it is for speed issues and timing optimisation/closure.

    Nothing special, original or out of the ordinary. Move along please.

    Beer, because chip design is hard work and shit pay, but interesting. Should have been an accountant.

  14. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    "Hand layout" ?

    Bollocks.

    1. The last doughnut

      Re: "Hand layout" ?

      The article is referring to the layout of the top-level blocks. Obviously the blocks themselves are done automatically.

      Yes it does look like there is some wasted area in the design. All this does really is make the chip more expensive to produce (fewer chips per wafer, you see) hence lower margins. But it lowers risk - if some blocks turn out bigger than planned, you don't have to rip-up and re-do the whole thing to make it all fit. Time is money - lots of it in Apples case.

      If they are shipping 5 million in the first week it seems they can afford to re-spin it in a more area-optimized form before very long. Probably already on its way.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: "Hand layout" ?

        "The article is referring to the layout of the top-level blocks. Obviously the blocks themselves are done automatically."

        In the iFixit article they theorize it was a full custom job:

        "Generally, logic blocks are automagically[sic] laid out with the use of advanced computer software.

        However, it looks like the ARM core blocks were laid out manually—as in, by hand."

        Pure supposition and a big chance of being pure tosh.

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