Universities are as guilty as the journal publishers.

Universities are as guilty as the journal publishers. They force graduates to return to university to stay up-to-date, rather than letting us use the learning we've acquired to stay up-to-date through independent study.

Individuals can pay $20 for a single article, or $700 per year for access to a single journal from a single computer.

A university library system only pays a few thousand dollars for annual access to dozens of related journals.