Black holes have no basis in General Relativity
Black holes have no basis in General Relativity or in Newton's theory.
All alleged black hole solutions to Einstein's field equations
actually contain no mass. A mass is simply inserted post hoc into the
alleged solutions by sticking in Newton's expression for escape
velocity. But this is entirely arbitrary and is done to satisfy
Einstein's false claim that Ric = 0 describes his gravitational field
"outside" a body such as a star. Newton's expression for escape
velocity is an implicit two-body relation, but all alleged black hole
'solutions' contain only one mass, the mass "outside" of which the
gravitational allegedly exists. Einstein removes all material sources
at the outset by setting his energy-momentum tensor to zero to get Ric
= 0. In the next breath he reinstates the presence of a material
source (a mass) by the deceitful words "outside a body such as a star,
because he must have a mass to be the source, to be the star. But all
the equations of Ric = 0 contain no material source terms. Not only
that, de Sitter's cosmological static solution is acknowledged by
Einstein and his followers to be entirely empty, hence de Sitter's
'empty universe'. But de Sitter's static solution is for Ric = lambda
g_{ij} where lambda is the so-called 'cosmological constant'. The
energy-momentum tensor is zero here too. Thus a zero energy-momentum
tensor both precludes and includes a material source (mass). This is
impossible. Ric = 0 contains no matter by mathematical construction.
de Sitter's empty universe contains no matter by mathematical
construction. Thus General Relativity does not even predict the black
hole at all. Newton's theory does not predict black holes either.
Einstein's "outside" a body such as a star is doubletalk - utter
nonsense.
-Stephen Crothers