back to article So you want to be a contractor? Well, here's how it works

Back in the heady days of 1984, working on the development of Microsoft Unix (yes, that was a real product, AKA Xenix), we needed to write an Ethernet driver, but none of us really felt up to that. We needed to hire an expensive specialist. And so I met my first contractor, who turned up in a far better car than anyone else …

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  1. Timjl

    Women Contractors

    I would guess they are less common due to the problems of combining any type of freelance work with childcare - there are very few options that are flexible enough to fit around periods of working/not working. And as women still do most of the child care...

    1. TheVogon
      Mushroom

      Re: Women Contractors

      Accountants dont need to 'sign off' your accounts unless your turnover is over £6.5M.....

      https://www.gov.uk/audit-exemptions-for-private-limited-companies

      1. Sir Runcible Spoon

        Re: Women Contractors

        I met a female in the networking security field that could give anyone a good run for their money - when I asked her why she wasn't contracting it was basically down to fear - she couldn't handle the idea that she might be out of work for a couple of months without notice.

        It certainly wasn't down to lack of skills and flexibility.

        1. 1Rafayal

          Re: Women Contractors

          I have met a fair few guys who have the same fear.

      2. Kubla Cant
        Joke

        Re: Women Contractors

        £6.5M is a typical contract rate.

        (see icon)

  2. 1Rafayal

    Umbrella

    You forgot to mention umbrellas. For first time contractors, going through an umbrella is an ideal way to get the business side of things sorted out for you for very little money. They are also pretty good if you dont know how long you want to be a contractor for.

    Some people (quite rightly) scared of getting into contracting, so this saves having to get an accountant and set up your own company etc.

    If you are starting out, but dont want an umbrella, then you need to make this clear to the agency hiring you, often they have their own in-house umbrella, or have a deal worked out with one. They may try to get you on the books that way to make extra money from you, that is something you need to understand perfectly well - the agency you go through is making money off you. Unless of course, you get a direct contract, I don't know how common that is when working for larger companies.

    Interim's are a nice gig to get as well, once you have gotten lots of lovely experience as a work-a-day contractor.

    Either-way, is the contractor market back on its feet again? I see a lot of contract gigs pass through my inbox, but they are either fixed price (i.e. crap) or at around £400 per day, which isn't so great.

    1. nuked

      Re: Umbrella

      The only problem being that I haven't found an umbrella company yet that isn't a steaming pile of unhelpful, money-grabbing, incompetence.

      Working through your own incorporated company is the best option for any contract duration imo, as the initial setup costs are easily outweighed by the additional tax benefits that your own accountant can bring; as distinct from the broad-brush and overtly cautious approach adopted by umbrella companies.

      1. g e

        Re: Umbrella

        I used 'Contractor Umbrella' for my first couple of years (probably seven years ago now) and would actually recommend them, based on my experience then, they made life easy and hassle-free till I started my Ltd Co., have heard horror stories about others like Giant, though.

        1. 1Rafayal

          Re: Umbrella

          There are some complete cowboys out there. Plus, in the long run you will make more money with your own company.

          One thing to bear in mind is this, if you are just getting into contracting and dont have your own company, the agency hiring you will be able to advise you what to do next. It is very likely that they will get you on an umbrella until the first renewal of your contract, at that point they will talk to you about setting up your own company.

          Again, depending on the size of the agency, they may very well have someone in house who's job it is to help you set up a company.

    2. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

      Re: Umbrella

      1Rafayal, you caused me to read my article and yes I did mention umbrellas and I quote "If contracting is a short-term expedient for you, an umbrella company or being an employee of an agency are valid options, since there’s none of the hassle and expense of starting up a company and shutting it down again. You will, however, earn substantially less money and there is no more security than if you’re running your own company."

      1. 1Rafayal

        Re: Umbrella

        oops, sorry!!

      2. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Umbrella

        « you caused me to read my article »

        Now don't make an habit out of it. :)

        [ And yes, you did mention them. ]

  3. Jaruzel
    Thumb Up

    Ltd Co. ?

    This is spot on the money. Although I would argue that a Limited Company these days in the UK is more trouble than it's worth.

    Up until a few years ago I contracted for over 12 years (at most of the major UK financial houses), and the overhead of running my Company (all the tax paperwork etc) became so burdensome and expensive in accountants fees, that it was one of the main drivers to become a poor permie. For anyone thinking of going contracting I'd seriously suggest the Umbrella/Managed-Service company route - yes, you'll lose about 10% of your max earning power, but not having to worry about an IR35-style knock on the door makes for less sleepness nights.

    -Jar

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: Ltd Co. ?

      Agree, "more trouble than it's worth", as I know to my cost. All it takes is one relatively minor (as it seems to you) infraction of the rules that HMRC set and police themselves to land you with a fine that makes your eyes water.

      If you are going the Ltd route, get an accountant who has been recommended to you by someone working in a similar fashion (not all accountants are equal), listen to what they tell you, and never, ever go to see HMRC by yourself to try to sort out what you think should be a minor problem (or if you do, take spare underwear, and be prepared to pay for a taxi home, as you may not be in a fit state to drive).

      For me, even though I lose some allowances and a monthly fee equivalent to about an hours work per month, the umbrella company I use makes my life a much more relaxed working experience.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Ltd Co. ?

        >listen to what they tell you,

        The thing about accountants is that they can tell you anything they want yet it is still you who is liable if you listen to their creative advice.

        Do your homework and your own accounts, it's not difficult, they only need to be signed off by a qualified accountant.

        Oh, and I've gone to HMRC by myself of my own accord to clarify a doubt and when called in, unless you are a real idiot trying to claim everything under the sun as an expense then there is nothing to be afraid of. They really are only human and are there to understand not trip you up.

      2. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Ltd Co. ?

        never, ever go to see HMRC by yourself

        In my experience HMRC are fine, as long as you're not obviously taking the piss with what you claim. When I was contracting there was a query over VAT, and I made an appointment at the local HMRC office. The inspector was amazed that I wasn't pulling all the usual contractor shenanigans of paying my spouse a salary, claiming for use of a bedroom as an office, etc. As a result they were very understanding about the fact that I'd not charged for VAT in the previous six months despite going over the turnover threshold.

        Now accountants on the other hand - in my experience they're all shysters and almost as bad as solicitors.

        1. JDX Gold badge

          more trouble than it's worth

          Get your contracts reviewed and insurance against investigations through PCG and you're set. Many also get PI cover.

          Definitely still worth going Ltd.

          1. Chris Miller

            Re: more trouble than it's worth

            My experience, too, is that HMRC are very helpful as long as you're playing straight. That can perfectly well include a reasonable amount to cover the 'cost' of using a spare room as an office (there are guidelines for such things, I think it's ~£750 pa, but I let my accountant look after that). Similarly, there's nothing wrong with paying your partner a reasonable amount for work that they genuinely carry out - it's 'paying' them £50k just for posting a few letters that will get you into bother.

            Limited liability is an important consideration. My work has the potential to (say) crash a public web server generating substantial costs. I've got (what I believe to be) a solid contract to cover that, and PI insurance too, but I don't want to bet my house on them - that's what limited liability is for.

        2. Anonymous Coward
          Anonymous Coward

          Re: Ltd Co. ?

          In my case, I don't think I was taking the piss, although I admit in hindsight that I was an idiot. I was told I had to redeclare a years income because of a simple administrative error when filling in the dividend certificates (caused partly by the accountant I was then using being a real arse, but mainly by me not doing what he said - BTW, I was not happy using all the loopholes we wanted me to, and I was actually trying to pay more tax than he wanted).

          I went in to see HMRC to discuss what I could do. The tax inspector took a hard line immediately, and would not allow the corrected certificates to be re-filed late, and as my wife was a director, they would not allow me to declare what was paid to her as salaried income, as she had not (in their words) done enough to earn that amount of money. They also would not allow me to claim that the income was paid to me not her, as it was clear that the money had been paid into her account.

          When I left the confrontation, having not come to any agreement about what should be done, I was half expecting to be arrested for tax evasion (it was mentioned explicitly by the tax inspector). I had to wind down (without a drink) before even getting into the car to go home, because I would not have been safe to drive.

          Fortunately, I was recommended a new accountant who came to an agreement on my behalf with HMRC, but I still ended up with a £1200 time and materials bill from the new accountant, a severance payment from the old accountant to release the books(!), and a demand for tax and NI on the redeclared income, plus a fine of the same order of magnitude as the tax bill.

          Expensive, but less unpleasant than a charge of tax evasion. Whether it was a real possibility, or just a threat I do not know. This is why I say listen to your accountant and never meet HMRC by yourself. I don't blame anybody but myself (not even the bad accountant), because I know that, ultimately, the blame was mine, both legally and morally. I don't try to run my own company now, because I obviously suck at it.

          I think it may be different if you are trying to sort out a problem before HMRC have actually noticed it. It may also depend on the mood and workload of the tax inspector you're seeing.

    2. OhDearHimAgain

      Re: Ltd Co. ?

      I use a firm of accountants that does it all on-line now, with a lot of great management reporting.

      You download your bank statement and upload it directly into their site and it will guess the reasons for most of the transactions.

      OK @£144 (inc VAT) pcm it ain't cheap (+£130 for your SATR), but if the alternative is leaving contracting, I'd say I'm still making a surplus by joining them & staying.

    3. TheVogon
      Mushroom

      Re: Ltd Co. ?

      A Ltd co is no trouble at all. For instance these guys will do everything including opening the company and the bank accounts for £69.50 a month - no minimum term. All you have to do is sign the forms that they fill in for you...all other company and VAT paper work is taken care of.

      http://www.boox.co.uk/

    4. Jim 59

      Re: Ltd Co. ?

      Good article, all good stuff.

      Accountancy firms tend to advocate the limited company approach, because if you have one, they can charge about £1500 per year to help establish and run it. As contract rates dropped, I switched from umbrella to Ltd but I am not so sure it pays better. Probably does.

      If you go Limited then take it seriously. Don't go in for any wild expense claims or anything remotely near the knuckle. Claiming every crumb would only earn you a pittance anyway. If anything I under claim.

      Insurance vendors tend to talk up the risk of IR35. PCG also sells insurance and so its independence is compromised.

      1. Redcar1
        FAIL

        Re: Ltd Co. ?

        Nope, I'm pretty sure PCG doesn't sell insurance, you can get discounted insurance from companies if you're a member but that's different.

    5. Bod

      Re: Ltd Co. ?

      A Ltd Co is there to separate your personal affairs from your business affairs and protects you to a degree.

      Some agents and indeed clients insist on only working with a Ltd Co. anyway.

  4. Pete 2 Silver badge

    The one basic attribute ...

    If your CV says you're over 40, then every contract becomes 10x harder to get.

    Not because the end-company, who will be using your services necessarily has any problem with "oldies" (they may even have one or two of their own), but because the agencies won't put you forward - unless they have literally no other option.

    Phrases like "I don't think you'd fit in", or "The client wants a dynamic team" will be stock replies to your enquires as to why you haven't heard back from the latest application, that was a perfect fit to your CV and what you can actually do.

    Whether the client did brief the agencies to "lose" all the applications from more experienced older applicants , or whether they took it upon themselves to perform this extra service for free is something that will never be made known. But if challenged they'll tell you that contracting is a young-person's game. While this is patently bollocks, the hardest part of getting a contract for anyone with a grey hair is getting past the gatekeeper and actually making it to the client interview.

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: The one basic attribute ...

      who puts Age/D.O.B on a CV anyway?

      I don't think i've done that since I started contracting, and I am well under 40...

      But I have noticed plenty of 50-60+ contractors in my field...

      But agents differ, there are those that really support you and try their hardest to get you work, and those that actually don't care and fish for anyone to send you over to the client...

      1. Pete 2 Silver badge

        Re: The one basic attribute ...

        > who puts Age/D.O.B on a CV anyway?

        There are three routes:

        I've frequently submitted CVs with no age, or indication of age (such as graduated in 19xx) and found that I get called back by agencies very quickly. The conversation usually goes: "Yes you seem to have exactly what the client is looking for. By the way, you forgot to put your age on the form ... " followed quickly by "Ah!".

        Alternatively by putting an age on the CV you save the less enlightened agencies from the cost of the call or any further contact. You could always lie, but is that any way to start a business relationship?

        Or just go direct to someone from your long list of previous, satisfied, clients.

        1. Anonymous Coward
          Anonymous Coward

          Re: The one basic attribute ...

          « The conversation usually goes: "Yes you seem to have exactly what the client is looking for. By the way, you forgot to put your age on the form ... " followed quickly by "Ah!". »

          Or in my case, followed quickly by "No, I did not forget" (and I wasn't even at a "sensitive" age yet).

        2. Anonymous Coward
          Anonymous Coward

          Re: The one basic attribute ...

          If an agency doesn't want to put you forward because of your age, go through a different agency....simples.

          1. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

            Re: The one basic attribute ...

            That's an important point and applies more generally, there are a lot of agencies, fewer than there were but quite a few, so feel free to help along market forces if one does not perform.

      2. Furbian
        Meh

        Re: The one basic attribute ...

        I don't have my age on my CV or DOB on my CV either, but a few degrees, and decades of industrial experience rather gives it away. Unless I do a major re-work, leaving a lot out, it would make make my CV borderline no longer quite true. Worst still is companies I worked for having vanished. I can confess to being a Logica employee for a good number of years, gone as of last year for example.

    2. Peter Jones 2
      FAIL

      Re: The one basic attribute ...

      More fool you for putting your DOB on there. Why do that in the first place? They don't need your DOB, passport number, address or "Personal Interests", so you are wasting space with it existing anyway.

      I have done CV vetting for several places, either putting together a contracting team for a project or hiring permanent replacements (including my own: I'm not staying for a year to babysit a system, I prefer building them) and the truth is that few people, permanent or contract, are aware of how to put a good CV together.

      It used to be that your address was there as contact info, to send out an acceptance/rejection letter. That isn't done any more, so take it off there. DOB baffles me. Is it there so we know when to send you a birthday card?

      But the worst offender is "Personal Interests". This waste of CV space isn't going to impress or intrigue anyone, even if you put (I swear these are true) Bear Wrestling, and Spaghetti.

    3. OhDearHimAgain

      Re: The one basic attribute ...

      The oldest contractor I worked with was Dan, who was 86. Front office trading system for banks. He had built the first Unix system in the UK.

      1. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

        Re: The one basic attribute ...

        The first Unix box in the UK was at Queen Mary College, I'd be interested to know if he remembers me ?

        1. Jim 59

          Re: The one basic attribute ...

          Good article. I want to hear more about this first unix box in the UK.

          1. Jon Green
            Pint

            Re: The one basic attribute ...

            Good article. I want to hear more about this first unix box in the UK.

            A DEC PDP11 (probably the CS Department 11/70), running Bell Labs Version 7. There were also an 11/44 (in my time, used for electronic engineering), and a few other miscellaneous '11s knocking around. We had the source code for everything - it was a bit like hacking Linux! - and brutalised everything in sight, including the ROMs in the Hazeltine 1510 "dumb" terminals. Happy days...

            1. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

              Re: The one basic attribute ...

              Yes it was the 11/70, as you may recall QMC ended up with at least 3 Computer Departments, the EE one which had the 11/44 and other stuff, the CompSci and Stats department with 11/70 et al, the Maths department who got a VAX 11/780 and the Machine Intelligence department who lived in the Chemistry building and had several quite weird things.

              As it happens my next piece is about choosing a CompSci degree...

              1. Jim 59

                Re: The one basic attribute ...

                Where is QMC. What year ? And I thought VAX systems ran VMS, not unix ?

                1. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

                  Re: The one basic attribute ...

                  VAX systems did run VMS, but you could choose Unix.

                  DEC didn't like that and varied between trying to stop Unix and producing its own not very good non-standard version.

                  There now isn't a DEC.

                2. Jon Green
                  Boffin

                  Re: The one basic attribute ...

                  Where is QMC. Queen Mary College, University of London. These days, they omit the "College", and generally abbreviate to QMUL (http://www.qmul.ac.uk).

                  What year ? In my case, 1982-5; I think Dominic was in the year before me. We were both in the Computer Science department.

                  And I thought VAX systems ran VMS, not unix ? That was the standard provision, of course, in the same way that PCs are usually supplied with Windows. As Dominic said, QMC had one of the first - perhaps the first - Unix installations in the country, and Unix at that time ran mainly on DEC hardware: originally PDP-11 kit (and other PDP variants), but soon ported onto the VAX. George Coulouris, our illustrious and wise Head of Department, believed that Unix was the future, so most of our VAXen and PDPs ran that, rather than VMS or (for PDPs) RT-11, RSTS-E, RSX-11M+, and the other DEC stalwarts.

                  1. Jon Green
                    Boffin

                    Re: The one basic attribute ...

                    An update for the amusement of Unix historians and the nostalgists amongst our number...

                    I just found George Colouris' own description of how he brought Unix to the UK.

                    Dominic is indeed correct: QMC did have - as far as can be determined - the first Unix installation in the UK. It initially ran on a PDP-11/40, and that version was Bell Labs Version 4. The first terminals used with Unix in QMC were ITT 3210 units. I'd forgotten them! They were dusty and unused by my time.

                    1. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

                      Re: The one basic attribute ...

                      Scary to read your link about the "first 25 years of Unix" only to see it was written in 1994...

    4. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: The one basic attribute ...

      Ha! Just wait until you are over 60! That is when the fun begins. I lost count of the number of times an agency told me that the client had no problem with an older person and then..... nothing! The contract that I have now was originally advertised over a year ago and I didn't get a look-in (they took on a young, dynamic person who ultimately couldn't hack it) - got it in the end through personal contacts.

    5. Don Jefe

      Re: The one basic attribute ...

      I can't say that I agree with the age thing. A huge amount of contract work is dealing with stuff that isn't cutting edge, the nuts and bolts that keep companies going. Even if you're bolting in something new it is going to have to communicate with older tech and a mature contractor who knows that stuff inside and out is extremely valuable. COBOL is an easy example: Tons of COBOL work out there but you won't see many twenty something's getting that kind of high dollar work.

      There's also the dreaded self presentation thing. If you're in your 40's you've got to act like a professional and command the respect of potential clients. Your suit is your battle dress and you're a grizzled vet who is there to solve their problems and leave. I hire a lot of contractors for specialized jobs we win and the seasoned professional is infinitely more valuable than a 40+ geek presentation: Contractors are not only subject matter experts they also operate their own businesses and if you don't present yourself as a business savvy peer who understands business and office politics you're doing yourself a disservice.

      1. Robert Carnegie Silver badge

        Re: The one basic attribute ...

        The question apparently isn't whether a contractor over 40 - or whatever number you pick - can do the job and earn their pay, but whether the company that's paying, or the recruitment agent, will give them the opportunity. This seems to be a domain where discrimination on age, sex, race, whatever, isn't prohibited at all - as it would be in the case of employment - and if that means that you're unfairly rejected, it's just too bad. It also means that your decision to turn contractor has to include this issue: the money you can expect to get depends on your age, negatively, as well as your skills.

        I don't think we established whether there are thousands of greying and bald burned-out contractors in the market who really should be ignored in the name of efficient selecting, and too bad for the small handful who actually are still worth seeing. It's fun to read about the dynamic, young, pretty, plausible, and useless contractors that you may meet in your career, or may have to clean up after.

      2. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: The one basic attribute ...

        « Contractors are not only subject matter experts they also operate their own businesses and if you don't present yourself as a business savvy peer who understands business and office politics you're doing yourself a disservice. »

        Good post, actually.

  5. BigNose
    Happy

    Be flexible

    I have been contracting for 10 years now and definitely my biggest asset has been my flexibility, not in providing a variety of skills in your CV, but showing them in the workplace. Those who you are working with, will not have seen your CV and if they can impress on their boss, all the additional work (different skill sets) you can do and use, then that may determine if the boss keeps you on for more.

    It's not just skill sets either. In one contract, they were desperate and I got a the highest rate supplied. As the contract peaked and my primary purpose was dropping away, I was used in Support who didn't want to lose me and especially my knowledge in the system that I had helped put in place.

    By dropping my rates, I managed to be kept on for another 3 months and then a further 2 * 1 month extensions.

    I got lucky then, as the Vendor that was supplying the kit for install were sufficiently impressed that they took me on almost immediately.

  6. Jon Green
    Thumb Up

    Amen to joining the PCG

    I have the full ("Plus") membership of the PCG. It costs me £220 (plus VAT, which I reclaim) per year. It's superb value for money. That extra membership tier provides really comprehensive tax investigation insurance. Second-hand accounts tend to suggest that saying to HMRC that you're a PCG member with full audit insurance somehow reduces the urgency, and subsequently the necessity, of the investigation. Frankly, it's worth it just for the very well produced template contract agreements and the IR35 advice. Without the PCG, it would have been a lot more difficult to discover exactly how IR35's being operated /this month/, and how to ensure you're not falling within its evil clutches.

    Honestly - if you're a contractor, join the PCG. Just do it, and accept it as a necessity, in the same way as statutory insurances and accountants' fees. HMRC's attacks on contractors are becoming more aggressive, and it's your best armour.

    1. Jim 59

      Re: Amen to joining the PCG

      I was tempted to join the PGC but sorry, aren't they really just an insurance broker ? Their newsletter devotes a lot of space to IR35 scare stories while also carrying loads of insurance adverts. If they were independent I would be happy to pay £220 a year.

  7. Paul Butcher

    What about being a sole trader?

    I looked at contracting a while ago, and the hassle of setting up a company put me off. What about acting as a sole trader? It seems much more straightforward and doesn't (AIUI) involve any dangers from IR35? What are the downsides to being a sole trader?

    1. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

      Re: What about being a sole trader?

      Very hard to be a sole trader, Dawn Primarallo's masters in the outsourcing firms like Capita makes you easy prey for the HMRC.

      1. Paul Butcher

        Re: What about being a sole trader?

        "Easy prey" meaning what, exactly? Hypothetically speaking, were I to simply declare everything I received as income, offset it against my expenses and, err, nothing else, how out of pocket would I be (bearing in mind that I would just be filling in a Self Assessment Form, much as I do right now)?

        1. JetSetJim

          Re: What about being a sole trader?

          The NI bill as a sole trader knocks 9% off your take, plus you get into a situation where you pay your income tax on a window that covers the last 6 months earnings, plus HMRCs prediction of your next 6-months earnings.

    2. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: What about being a sole trader?

      And what about setting up a company in another EU jurisdiction?

      1. TheVogon
        Mushroom

        Re: What about being a sole trader?

        Why would you set up a company in another EU country? Possibly you might get marginally lower corporation tax rates, but at the cost of a lot of hastle...

        1. PSmith56

          Re: What about being a sole trader?

          HMRC will come down on you like a tonne of bricks if you do this.

          IT contractors are one group of people they easily chase for loads of schemes and things like this.

      2. Jaruzel

        Re: What about being a sole trader?

        "And what about setting up a company in another EU jurisdiction?"

        Most UK Agencies will not work with you if you are not a UK Ltd, or UK based umbrella. :(

    3. JetSetJim

      Re: What about being a sole trader?

      Personal liability, as I understand it. Imagine making a coding error that costs the company that hires you £200,000. They can claim that off you personally if you are a sole trader, or off your company if you are in a Ltd Co.

      I'm sure there are insurances to be had in either circumstances.

      Also, it may expose the hiring company to IR35 investigations, too. When I did a stint in contracting, it seemed the norm for a couple of tiers of separation between my Ltd company and the hiring company.

  8. OhDearHimAgain

    My by I didn't read carefully enough, but I didn't see mentioned the interesting paradox that when the market turns down, often rates go up. Head count freezes mean permies are put on hold, but the world still move on and system need fixing & poking.

  9. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Hidden benefits of contracting i.e. taking career breaks....

    A. Somewhat Vague article. This is a such an involved area it could be a series of articles. I'd like to see more detail namely :-

    #1. Example contracting rates by specialty for UK and USA at the very least...

    #3. Sample agent fee cuts...

    #3. Broad discussion of tax considerations...

    #4. Discussion of the low-or-zero-tax lucrative Expat contracting market i.e. HK, Singapore, Dubai etc.

    #5. Future markets, contract rates for outsourced telecommuting type work...

    B. I didn't see it discussed here, but one of the hidden benefits of contracting is taking career breaks. Its much easier than trying to hide gaps in your CV. You have to graft though on your return, and you must have natural talent. But what is nice is you can travel the world for a few years, write a book, be a musician or an actor etc, and still return to IT and make excellent money. Its not without risks but it has some advantages, in that you tend to avoid burnout. You return more energized and more productive and often outperform those who work continuously, because you can see a wider range of solutions by having a fresher outlook....

    1. Peter Jones 2
      Pint

      Re: Hidden benefits of contracting i.e. taking career breaks....

      B: Very true. I tend to use qualifications to paper over the gap in the CV at that point. If I take six months off to go somewhere, I usually spend a month or two getting the latest MS exams done. Any question as to why I have a six month gap "I took the latest round of MCSEs". I just neglect to mention that some of the study time was done on a beach with cocktails being replaced as fast as they were drunk.

    2. Dave Bennett

      Re: Hidden benefits of contracting i.e. taking career breaks....

      Indeed this article could well be a series of articles, much like any other topic in the world, aside from your poor grasp of numbered lists, I reckon we could cover that in a paragraph.

      Frankly there would have been absolutely no benefit in listing out rates for certain roles in a given industry since there are way too many variables. Besides, the point about rate variance covers this well enough for the article. Dom wrote an excellent piece a while back on the relationship between income and ability (or lack of) - go and read that.

      A debate on tax management, ex-pat opportunities and future markets are not at all what this article was about. I think you need to browse the many contractor forums to have these debates.

      And as for point B; what are you on about? Sure you can take a year off and learn to play the guitar. You could also take 3 months off and train yourself to hold your breath for ages... I don't see what relevance this has to do with contracting? Anybody in any type of employment could take time out if they'd planned for it, and if they were as odd as you.

      DB

    3. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

      Re: Hidden benefits of contracting i.e. taking career breaks....

      I had a budget 2,500 words to do the whole thing, and the agent fee cuts is actually at least that all by itself the game theory is interesting and occasionally funny. Feel free to ask the Reg leadership to get me to write more.

      Anything I wrote about specific rates would be get dated very quickly and have dozens of variables, the highest paid contractor I know did drag & drop on Reuters screens, she'll be in a future article, but be realistic.

      The tax thing is complex, SJD are offering a 60 page booklet and they are at pains to say its not complete, would you also like me to explain C++ programming from first principles in 2,500 words ?

      I am going to do "future markets", actually that's a pervasive theme in most of my careers articles and the forces are similar to that for permies, my goal in this piece was to highlight the fact that the factors have different effects.

      Career breaks, yes, that ought to be an article good idea, be aware that the Reg doesn't exist solely to publish my work so don't hold your breath.

      1. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Hidden benefits of contracting i.e. taking career breaks....

        > would you also like me to explain C++ programming from first principles in 2,500 words ?

        Yes please!

      2. Anonymous Coward
        Anonymous Coward

        Re: Hidden benefits of contracting i.e. taking career breaks....

        > the highest paid contractor I know did drag & drop on Reuters screens, she'll be in a future article

        I'd be very interested in knowing what that figure is. "drag & drop on Reuters" fairly sums up my current contract, although I assume there are some crossed wires here…

  10. Rich 2 Silver badge
    Unhappy

    IR35

    When Labour were in, I thought the Conservatives promised to get rid of IR35?

    Phrases like "yea, right...", and "oh, you fell for THAT one, did you?" spring to mind

  11. ISYS
    Happy

    What's not to like?

    I have been contracting since 1998 and I have never been out of contract. I started as a Ltd and then used Umbrella schemes for a while. The first Umbrella scheme I used started to sound very dodgy and was making late payments so I quit and worked under a different one which could not have been easier. Since I started my latest contract 2 years ago I have reverted back to being a Ltd company. It took 20 minutes to set up the company. About the same to sort out liability insurance (I used this neat tool called 'the Internet' to do both) and about half a day to sort out a business bank account. I use SJD accountancy who basically ask me to keep a spreadsheet of my expenditure and income. I send them a copy each quarter and they send me emails periodically telling me to pay X amount VAT, tax etc. Piece of piss.

    I don't get involved in office politics, I don't have objectives or have end of year reviews. I don't have to attend company presentations. I just get on with my work. If the contract I am working on comes to an end or I start to find the work boring I thank the client, work my notice and part on good terms. Next!

    What's not to like.

    1. Peter Mc Aulay

      Re: What's not to like?

      Best of all, when the client company goes down the tubes it's their problem, not yours.

  12. Don Jefe
    Happy

    Contracting Families

    I was a contractor for decade before I started my own company and hired staff. I had a blast too: Made scads of money and got to travel a lot. I made more than enough and the salary I paid myself through my LLC kept me up through lean times and I learned a lot about many different industries. Then I got married...

    I love being married but it simply wasn't compatible with being a highly paid contractor. As a contractor you don't get any of the perks of permanent staff. Holidays are for when you don't have work (worst time to take a holiday), days off are when there's a bomb threat in the home office and sleep is something you've read about and are pretty sure is important but you're working with developers, sales teams and operations people in four different time zones so you're always communicating with someone who penciled you in after their 2PM (for them) meeting. You do get paid for that though so you just accept it. Trying to live that way with a family who expects (and deserves) a reasonable expectation of stability and a regular schedule is very difficult. Some people do make it work but it wasn't good for my family. It sure was a fun ten years though.

    1. Steve 13

      Re: Contracting Families

      "Holidays are for when you don't have work (worst time to take a holiday), days off are when there's a bomb threat in the home office and sleep is something you've read about and are pretty sure is important"

      Holidays are for when you're in a contract, when you're not it's time to be hunting for a new one and not spending a lot.

      Days off are for whenever you like, so long as it's not going to piss off your client.

      Sleep is something that happens after you've had an evening doing whatever you like, which happens after you've done your 7.5hrs and gone home. Your contract either specifies a professional day or around 7.5hrs, it doesn't say they've bought your soul for 6 months.

      Maybe it varies depending on sector or location, but this works perfectly well for me, I'm coming up to the end of my 5th company year, and I've had just over a month between contracts in that time (in total).

      I can't imagine that I'd ever feel the need to accept some sort of part time/on demand work from a client, they either hire me for 5 days/week for a minimum of 3 months or I go somewhere else, it could be that the somewhere else is further away, but that's one of the cons of contracting.

  13. George 8

    No Coffee?

    Is this the mildest piece Dominic has ever written? Are you ok Dominic? No cursing, nothing remotely abusive... It's even supportive. Are you having a good day then, or did you not have enough coffee to give you the right edge to write a piece for ElReg this morning. :-)

    I do hope there is a good reason and it is mellow. The alternative is that I am reading this with battle weary eyes, and just happen to take no offense and agree totally with the advice. Oh lord, please let this not be the case...

    1. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

      Re: No Coffee?

      George I am a freelance writer AKA a contractor, I do what I am paid to do, the fragrant Register leadership says "be vicious", I'm vicious, "be supportive", likewise.

      You bastard.

      Happy now ?

      Actually the joy of writing for the Reg is that they almost never tell me what to write beyond "N words on IT disasters in the finance sector".

  14. John Smith 19 Gold badge
    Unhappy

    I met a women contractor on my first developer job out.

    We had a mutual friend at university, but never met.

    Very cute.

    Very strange.

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Re: "a women"

      It's no surprise you think they are very strange if you call them that.

    2. John Smith 19 Gold badge
      Unhappy

      Re: I met a women contractor on my first developer job out.

      Oops, that really should have been a "woman" contractor. Yes it really has taken me this long to notice. To explain.

      Nature had played a little trick on her.

      By nature she was a small, mousy haired rather timid character.

      Hidden inside a tall, rather statuesque blonde.

  15. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    What contractors are really like

    If you want to get into the mindset of a typical contractor have a look at the forums on contractoruk.com

    Never in the history of mankind has such a group of self obsessed, daily mail reading wankers been assembed

    1. JDX Gold badge
    2. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

      Re: What contractors are really like

      As a former contractor whose work has included teaching logic to bankers (yes, really and it paid well), I will put it to you that the biggest collection of Daily Mail reading wankers must necessarily be the Daily Mail readership, their comments have better grammar than yours though, a point I also must make since my freelance work includes writing.

  16. J.G.Harston Silver badge

    “you accept the cut or we will terminate your contract”

    ... that's when you log off, pack your bag, and walk out.

    1. MachDiamond Silver badge

      I agree, JG. If a firm is cutting salaries and staff, the project might be spiraling down the bog. Take a few days holiday and look for the next contract is my advice (now). If the project needs you back, you can add to your take.

      I just recently made the mistake. I took a temporary pay cut after a dismal holiday season at a firm and when I asked when I was going back up to my previous pay, I got a load of waffle and complaint. My bluff was called and I logged out of that gig. In the mean time, I used up too much cushion making up the difference and I'm having to scramble a bit now. It was pretty good work, added to my skills and was nice and flexible so I thought that taking a bit of a cut for a short term to help the company recover would stand me in good grace. Again, I let it go too long and should have been out finding other opportunities. As I didn't have any participation in the company that would pay me back if the company did well, I shouldn't have shouldered any of the bad times. Live and learn.

    2. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      Indeedy

      If you'[re a contractor and haven't built up a pot of fuck you money, then what have you been doing?

      1. Kubla Cant
        Headmaster

        Re: Indeedy

        Dunno about you, but I've frittered it all away on mortgages and school fees.

        The best contracting year is the first. Suddenly your income is hugely more than what you're used to. By year two you're getting used to it, and by year three your "essential" expenses have expanded effortlessly to match your income. That's life, I suppose.

        1. JDX Gold badge

          Re: Indeedy

          That may indeed be you. Having your own company means you only need to take money out as needed so you can avoid seeing your personal bank balance getting so large you start frittering it away.

        2. Steve 13
          Thumb Down

          Re: Indeedy

          That's a lack of self discipline.

    3. Anonymous Coward
      Anonymous Coward

      @J.G.Harston

      No. That's when you tell them to terminate your contract and carry on as usual. Unless you sign a new contract they have to continue paying you the same rate. IMO it's better to be terminated than walk out. You get a couple of weeks more pay and time to plan a new job IF it becomes necessary. Most of the time, if you're in a place with a few contractors they are just testing the waters to see who will pack their bags and walk and you've just volunteered thereby saving your fellow contractors' jobs, very altruistic of you.

    4. Dominic Connor, Quant Headhunter

      No you fucking don't.

      Not unless you are seriously retarded or retiring.

      Not unless or until you have something else lined up.

      This is business, not some episode of The Apprentice, you do what suits you, also they may realise the stupidity of their actions and ask you to stay, much easier to get more money if you've got other options ready.

      Sometimes I wonder why I bother writing this fucking pieces if shitbrains can't be bothered to read them properly, do you work for Capita ?

      1. Chris Miller
        Thumb Up

        Re: No you fucking don't.

        Ah, Dominic, I see you've had your coffee now :)

      2. George 8

        Re: No you fucking don't.

        balance is restored. I can sleep tonight :-)

      3. Steve 13
        Thumb Up

        Re: No you fucking don't.

        "Do whatever is best for *you*" should be the mantra that contractors live by.

        If the market is reasonable though, then saying "go ahead then" and calling their bluff might be the best response. If the market is slow then taking the cut and immediately hitting jobserve would be the alternative.

  17. PerlyKing
    Meh

    Hidden costs/benefits

    What Dominic forgot to mention is that although contractors get a higher headline rate than permies, they don't get any of the usual permie benefits such as pensions and health insurance. Don't forget to factor those into your calculations.

    As far as job security goes, it seems to be a complete lottery. As a contractor at one large company I survived three rounds of permanent redundancies not only because of my superior technical skills, but also because contractors were paid out of a different pot of money so the beancounters could claim greater savings by sacking the permies.

    1. Orv Silver badge

      Re: Hidden costs/benefits

      I was going to mention health insurance, but I assume that's less of an issue in the UK, and this seemed like a pretty thoroughly UK-centric article. It can be a major obstacle to going freelance in the US, unless you have a spouse with a steady job with good health insurance.

      Pensions aren't really an issue in the US, in that no one gets them anymore, anyway, except civil servants.

      On the plus side, tax law here is a lot simpler -- although probably only because we've only had a couple hundred years to muddy it up. ;)

  18. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Those gaps in the CV.....

    For permie as well as contractor, I think it's fine to say you decided you wanted to travel for six months. It helps if you've actually been to a few places if caught out. For example, I now know certain parts of the world very well, so can cope easily if the interviewer happens to have lived in one of these places. I've known people do some none IT related work between software jobs.

    For example, one ended up working a six month stint as an airport baggage handler to keep up the mortgage repayments during a downturn. His solution? He said on his CV he'd been travelling. When asked in detail about this in an interview for a job he actually wanted, he said he'd been in Japan with friends with six months. Of course, it helped that the he'd once spent the best part of a year in various bits of the place (usual thing, starting with a routine two week site trip on a job that goes pear shaped).

  19. Aristotles slow and dimwitted horse
    Go

    OK, just a couple of points as advisories...

    Having been a contractor now for 15 years in both hands on technical delivery and latterly ERP programme management, my view of some of the above comments are:

    1. There is absolutely nothing wrong with putting your date of birth on your CV.

    2. There is absolutely nothing wrong in putting in a short line about what your personal interests are - just don't turn it into an essay. On numerous occasions I have sat in front of CIOs, directors and hiring managers and discussed mutual shipwrecks we may have dived or similar. You are human - not a machine.

    3. Go with an umbrella initially - Contractor Umbrella are the best out there. If you want to set up as "Ltd" go with SJD. I am not paid by either - but have benefitted by way of excellent service and advice from both over the last 8 years.

    4. Not all agencies are scumbags. Some of them are bastard idiot scumbags. The bigger they are the easier they are to deal with.

    5. Agencies are not taking a cut of YOUR money by charging a margin on daily rate. They are taking a cut of the hiring companies charge rate. The agency offer the role at a daily rate to you AFTER applying that deduction. If you don't like it - negiotiate, or walk away. It's YOUR choice.

    6. Most "IT Recruitment consultancies" do not do anything even slightly resembling consultancy. Most are usually staffed by either failed IT workers, or people who perhaps should have tried harder at... well, something.

    7. Go contracting. Feel the fear and go with it. Plan your finances like a general planning a war and you'll never regret it.

    1. Kubla Cant

      Re: OK, just a couple of points as advisories...

      I don't expect upvotes for this, in fact I can scarcely believe I'm doing it, but I'm going to defend agents.

      Many of the agents who call me are wasting their time and mine by following up an inappropriate match. Few of them are people whose company and conversation I'd naturally choose. Some of them are unscrupulous.

      But would I want to do their job? Not in a million years. Is the service they provide valuable to me? Of course it is - that's where my income comes from.

  20. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Is anyone out there an LLP?

    Wondered if this option had advantages over an Ltd.?

  21. Anonymous Coward
    FAIL

    I started contracting in the late eighties. IT contracting is finished now. As a business model it has been shafted for at least ten years. Not just in terms of the poor UK rates but also the risk posed by HMRC and government policies.

    The reasons there aren't many girls in IT contracting are two fold; The job itself is absolutely shite, having to work with mentally ill people and idiots. The other reason is that the money and kudos is much better in marketing, finance and HR and women don't tend to gravitate in stupid directions.

    1. Barney Carroll
      WTF?

      Seriously?

      > poor UK rates but also the risk posed by HMRC and government policies.

      Don't claim for anything that isn't completely legit and you're sorted. I use an umbrella who take care of all my paperwork (I sign contracts then submit timesheets online — that's it), and take a cut from me which is made up for in having my subsistence and travel taxes negated. Tax is a pain (depending on how much you resent public services), but that's a universal truth. In terms of pay I am on about 80% more than standard permanent rates for my seniority and specialism. That's a lot.

      The work is great because I get to do more valuable stuff in short bursts — very few companies need someone to be as good as I am at my best on a permanent basis, but loads would be much happier getting me in to build them something awesome over a couple of months. I get to work in all sorts of industries, encounter different working practices, new technologies, and my portfolio and CV just gets more impressive.

      Maybe there's a class thing going on here, but I honestly don't get it when people say £400/day is piss poor. You people must have friends who aren't self-employed senior IT workers?

  22. jake Silver badge

    "Back in the heady days of 1984, working on the development of Microsoft Unix (yes, that was a real product, AKA Xenix)"

    Just to qualify that ... "MS-Xenix" was actually re-badged Bell Labs UNIX source code. Bell allowed MS to sell licenses for the code, but "jealously guarded"[1] the "UNIX" name. For some odd reason, Bell had no interest in selling the best non-telephone related product that they ever invented. MS never actually wrote any code, they just licensed Bell's source to third parties, who ported it to their hardware platform of choice.

    [1] Legal term. Look it up.

  23. jake Silver badge

    I've said it before, and I'll say it again ...

    If you want to go the consulting route, get an MBA after your more traditional computer/network/engineering degrees. (If you get it before, your mind will be totally fucked up and useless.) I got mine in about 18 months. Easiest class I ever slept through.

    Secondly, become a licensed contractor. Why pay another guy for something that easy?

    Sometimes, when bidding on Fortune 500 contracts, I'll list myself as "jake, MBA, CSLB#elided", and not even bother to include my doctorates in my qualifications ... Corporate bean-counters are funny that way. Sad, but true.

  24. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    Nice one Dom.

    Another useful article.

  25. Bod

    “where do you see yourself in five years time”

    Yep, I've had that one in a contract interview. Couldn't believe it.

    Honest answer came back, running and growing my business supplying solutions for clients. Wasn't what they were expecting. Think they were just having problems getting permies anyway and were advertising for contractors to hook in as permies.

  26. Aristotles slow and dimwitted horse
    Stop

    RE : Hidden benefits of contracting i.e. taking career breaks....

    Agree with previous commentards in that what you ask for is a lot of detail that is way beyond the brief that Dom was probabaly asked to write - you could always do your own research if it means that much to you.

    Anyhow let me respond to two of your points:

    #1. Example contracting rates by specialty for UK and USA at the very least...

    Have you looked at the "ITJobswatch" site? Very detailed across most (if not all) specialities, with salary and day rate expectations based upon actual job advertisements, also has with monthly skills trends and links to sources etc.

    #3. Sample agent fee cuts...

    Remember - agents don't take a cut of YOUR daily rate. They take a % of the rate being offered to the agency by the end client to find and filter the resources required, and to manage the onging contractual and payment elements of that hire. You as a contractor only get offered that day after that consideration has been deducted - which you either accept... or walk away from. Yes you might find it galling if you find out that your agency is taking 20% from what the end client is offering - but it was never your money anyway - and you didn't accept the role on that basis. Anyhoo... in my experience, the larger agencies could take anywhere between 8 - 17%. The smaller "one man band" outfits recruiting on behalf of larger agencies; or agencies specialising in targetted industry areas or practices might take more - or less, depending on their relationship or agreement with end client.

    Finally, in terms of career breaks - yes they are the real reason I will never return to permie-dom (or mini-retirements as I like to call them). What I would say though is that you should always be honest with recruiters and client in what you you do with your time during these periods. The reason I say this is that while it is completely acceptable to have gaps in your CV as a contractor - more and more these days agencies are using 3rd party companies to perform in depth background checks before hiring. I have been through two of these now (albeit without issue) - but I did have to spend time talking to people in Indonesia who had no concept of the contracting lifestyle and were highly suspect of the 3 or 4 3-12 month gaps I have on my CV. Still, both roles paid £700+ per day so it was worth it ;-)

    Hope that helps.

  27. david 12 Silver badge

    Missed one...

    My boss used to pick up contracts as the scapegoat for failing projects. When a project is clearly in a death spiral, all the permies are trying to get out, none of the permies want in.

    We weren't brought in to turn the project around. It was our job as contractors to keep the project afloat long enough for the rats to desert the sinking ship, then shoulder the blame and move on to some other bank.

  28. Anonymous Coward
    Anonymous Coward

    and another ...

    No mention of the costs in both money and time (hence more money) for keeping your skills and certs up to date. Can be a benefit when you're a permie with a decent company.

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