back to article Four illegal ways to sort out the Euro finance crisis

Saving the euro isn't the easiest of things: solving the current problems actually would be quite easy, if expensive, except for all the laws and regulations that rule out all of the easy ways. The basic problem is well explained here. Don't worry too much about what the Taylor Rule is: just accept that if you're going to have …

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          1. John Smith 19 Gold badge
            Happy

            @Mark 65

            My point exactly.

  1. Anonymous Coward
    Facepalm

    How about the legal solution?

    Chase down the greek tax dodgers, make them pay up, use the money to pay off the country's debts. I seem to remember seeing figures somewhere that indicated they'd have money left over.

  2. web_bod
    Childcatcher

    down with rates

    What would be the consequences of scrapping the idea of a 'national' interest rate - wouldn't local rates encourage money to slosh around between the regions - or is that the idea - to stop speculation at the expense of regional economies?

  3. Anonymous Coward
    Mushroom

    rules?

    In England (and i think in Germany) we love rules and regulations, we follow them no matter what, however Greece is quite corrupt, Spain is totally corrupt and ignores most EU rulings that are handed down, not sure about Italy ... why is it that their lack of modernisation in economic transparency should be paid for by everyone else.

    It is going to be harsh on us northern european taxpayers no matter what, so why not fu*k off the failing euro countries, let them devalue their currency and accept the fall out, its not like its going to be much less painless to keep propping them up.

    1. James Micallef Silver badge

      Italy too

      Italy's as bad as Greece and Spain. Probably worse in terms of governance, rule of law, tax evasion etc but they at least have some super-high achievers that keep them afloat, notably fashion, food and high-end engineering

  4. Stratman

    title

    Read Terry Pratchett's "Making Money". It tells you everything you need to know about how money works.

    Really.

  5. James Micallef Silver badge
    Thumb Up

    Thanks Tim

    Nice summary of the options there, very clear.

    One thing to add on core vs periphery is that on the periphery (especially Italy, Greece and Spain), these problems were compounded by lack of oversight. Not only were interest rates too low for these countries, which encouraged people and businesses to borrow money to either speculate or to spend what they couldn't afford, but governments had no apparent interest in other ways to restrain their economies from overheating (eg by limiting planning permission on development, since building was one of the prime movers of the bubbles).

    In the case of the Greek government I believe they were also <st>falsifying<\st> creatively accounting their reports to the ECB

  6. Big Sausage Investors

    Ding dong

    It's hilarious this past two days. All the financial commentators - including some of those who were previously very bearish on Europe - are now going around singing for joy like the Munchkins after Dorothy's house landed on the witch. Come Monday morning they will all have worked out that it's not the end-all solution they were looking for, the worst witch is still sending out flying monkeys, and Dorothy's ruby slippers have Toto's shit on the bottom.

  7. Identity
    FAIL

    Too late now, but...

    I said from the inception that the Euro was misconceived, because it would lead to exactly the problem faced today. It would have been far better to create the Euro as an overlay currency, backed by the underlying currencies. That way, exchange rates between, say, the drachma and the Euro could fluctuate, bringing poor management home to roost and making the Euro a more stable currency.

    1. Tim Worstal

      Amazingly

      This was exactly John Major's solution.

      A good one, too, you're right.

  8. TopOnePercent

    Subsidy? My @rse.

    "We'd be talking about the sort of sums that the south east of England sends to the north east, the sums that west Germany has been sending to the east: several percentage points of GDP"

    *yawn* That old chestnut again... If I had a dollar....

    In national terms the sums you describe used to flow in reverse for hundreds of years, when the north east was the workshop of the world massively subsidising not only the south east, but also the Empire. It's only since the 50's that cash has flowed north east from the south east.

    In another 400 years, once we've got our money back, I'll be happy to hear such complaints, but until then, zip it and get some graft done.

    1. SkippyBing

      Well it is

      It's still a subsidy, irrespective of the historical situation the South East currently subsidises the rest of the country (I don't live there, thank God). You appear to be missing the point due to some perceived regional bigotry.

      For the Euro to work sums of money would have to flow across it equivalent to the percentage of GDP the SE currently sends to the NE or if you prefer the NE used to send to the SE. That's the point, not some grievance about subsidising the colder bits of the UK but that for the Euro to actually work the northern countries are going to have to send a large chunk of their GDP to the South.

      Considering the industrial quantities of bile that produces between citizens of the same country does anyone think that's going to work when the Germans are paying for the Greeks to retire a decade before them? And that's the EU's main failing, countries work when there's a shared language, culture, history etc. or at least tend to. You can't force that in fifty years or so, even Bismark and Garibaldi were working from a starting point of a common language and culture (ish for Garibaldi).

      If you force cultures together unsuccessfully you get Yugoslavia, why? Because people are still apes who don't like strangers and however much we'd like that not to be true it is and we need to work with it rather than ignoring it because it's inconvenient.

    2. Burkhard Kloss

      You subsidised the empire up north?

      > the north east was the workshop of the world massively subsidising not only the south east, but also the Empire

      You'll want to have a word with the rest of the empire to get some of your subsidies back

  9. Anonymous Coward
    Mushroom

    @rse

    Just another way of making the poor give what little they have to the rich. Tell the bond holders to fcuk off. use the payments you are not now paying to pay your workers and start again.

    They won't do this because the politico's _are_ part of the rich, along with the press who report how paying more and taking of the ordinary worker is the only way.

    1. I ain't Spartacus Gold badge

      If only life were as simple as a Volkswagon (or a commentard)

      >>>>Just another way of making the poor give what little they have to the rich. Tell the bond holders to fcuk off. use the payments you are not now paying to pay your workers and start again.

      The Greeks can't. They can't even raise enough tax to run their government without borrowing, and that's before interest payments on their debts. Who's going to lend them the money to pay for healthcare / social security etc?

      If they could balance the books with tax, then they could do this, but seeing as they owe £60bn to French banks - and more to German ones, the French might not be too chuffed... So they might have to leave the euro or even the EU.

      This would almost certainly bankrupt all Greek banks and pension funds as well. Thus totally trashing what's left of their economy, at a time when no-one would lend to them, because of what they'd just done. They also might find German and French tourists so pissed off, as not to be willing to visit, tourism is their biggest earner iirc.

      Still sounding like a good idea?

  10. teebie

    Huh? Not following.

    "The basic problem is well explained here"

    That is not a use of the work 'explain' that I am used to.

    ("Interest rates ..are about right now for the eurozone as a whole. But they were waaaaay too low for the periphery" is an explanation, is that what the linked article was saying?)

  11. I ain't Spartacus Gold badge

    Option 4

    Could the ECB not lend money to Greece, for the Greeks to buy back their debt on the secondary market? Then they can cancel it - or if that counts as a legal default - keep paying the interest to themselves, and therefore have the same net effect.

    This would however leave the ECB in for even more Greek debt, and a few billion knocked off the debt isn't enough. So might just leave European taxpayers liable for even more. Unless there's enough discounted debt out there to make a significant difference.

    Greece's problem is that it needs to leave the euro, as it needs tourists to come to spend a lovely new cheap currency, and more of a chance to compete. As well as some inflation to lower the debt. But that is very hard to do, and might lead to some kind of domino effect that destroys the eurozone banking industry. It's a death embrace. The Greeks can't leave the euro without help from the other members, as defaulting will destroy their economy - and the others are scared that if they let them, that might lead to some sort of euro failure cascade, and certainly vast (€200bn-€300bn) bills to prop up their banks - again.

    Another solution is EU aid, so the Greek government doesn't have to cut too much. Even a few billion each might help stop the Greek, Irish and Portuguese government finances going into some kind of death-spiral. Probably a lot cheaper than more bail-outs too.

    As an interesting aside, I was reading about the Austro-Prussian War in 1866. During an Austrian cabinet meeting, they were discussing whether to back down, as there was a very good chance of losing. The Finance Minister's contribution was that if they lost a war with Prussia, this would give them an honourable excuse to default on their national debt, which they would almost certainly have to do in 2 or 3 years anyway...

    Perhaps a general European war is the solution?

  12. druck Silver badge
    Mushroom

    Re: @rse

    Socialist bloody claptrap. Those bond holders you are telling to fuck off, include YOUR pension company, and probably a hundred other entities which you rely on, and would be well and truly screwed if they went under.

    1. Burkhard Kloss

      yes but

      .. all those people investing your pension money are being paid handsomely for allegedly knowing what they're doing

      1. Field Marshal Von Krakenfart

        Yes

        and charging me 3% for loosing half my pension fund. What a wunch of bankers.

  13. h4rm0ny

    What if...

    countries had two currencies. They could stay in the Euro but re-create their old ones in parallel, Then you could set interest rates locally for one, and keep the other Eurozone wide.

    1. Anonymous Coward
      Trollface

      Errr. We had that before

      Didn't Europe have a synthetic currency, the ECU prior to the €?

      The € is a political instrument, the purpose of which was to bludgeon the Europeans into a centralised (perhaps federal) state - it is doomed to failure.

      Monet claimed that the only way to succeed in unifying Europe would be to do it surrepticiously. I fear the € was not subtle enough.

  14. heyrick Silver badge
    Mushroom

    It isn't the currency, it is the mindset

    The French work fairly hard, the Germans are notorious for their efficiency, the Scandinavians get on with the job. Spain, however, is noted for the mañana approach, and Radio 4 reports from Greece imply corruption, laziness, and avoiding taxes are a way of life. How do we know the latest bail-out isn't just going to be pissed away?

    The fault isn't with the euro, the fault is with the attitudes of some in the euro zone. These attitudes must change, or it'll be a cycle of rinse&repeat...

  15. Anonymous Coward
    Boffin

    One logical solution...

    I never know whether to take you guys and girls seriously or not; because if I do take you seriously then I hope that the folks that advocate killing or destroying never end up anywhere near me in real life; you are a total waste of brain power.

    Anyway, instead of illegal solutions to man-made problems, how about man-made legal solutions? They are much easier and much more human friendly; and the last time I looked you lot are mostly human.

    The four solutions mentioned in the article are “illegal” under the terms of the system constructed by humans to govern the process of amalgamating the Euro Zone in monetary terms. That is the only terms of reference by which they are “illegal”. The act of changing the rules to protect or resurrect the, obviously, failing system is to fail to admit that the system itself is at fault.

    Therefore the logical solution is to change the underlying system. However, that’s a conclusion that you cannot reach because you are unable to think beyond the learned “fact” that the system is “inherently” human and omnipresent. You are unable to conceive of a different way.

    So the vast majority of logical and wonderful minds in this forum turn to trying to fix the system, which we note is broken, in terms of the system, as opposed to turning their time to constructing a better, more pro-human, system. Your illogical conclusions would be funny if it were not that you lot are supposed to be the most logical folks on the planet. Fault diagnostics. Programming. Infrastructure design. Project management ( ermm…okay.. ;) )

    When you understand the system is the problem, and that is laid bare here, http://www.realityinfo.org if you follow the arrows, then solutions follow. Solutions that are “not illegal”, are not “anti-human” and that do not server to prop up a system that is inherently flawed until the next time it breaks down.

    Whatever you choose to do, do it with peace.

    Peace.

    PS. Sorry to the moderator for, again, donating this link as an aid to rational thinking. I hope you forgive the intrusion. We sell nothing there. All is free. It is Open Source and it is only an information portal.

    PPS. Blue face because this one may need you to think a bit....Though maybe it'd help if you were not degree educated...

    1. John Smith 19 Gold badge
      Unhappy

      AC@22:20

      Read your site.

      Basically form a collective.

      Nothing in any greater depth.

      That's 10 minutes of my life I won't be getting back.

  16. Anonymous Coward
    IT Angle

    A good synopsis of the Euro area's inherent problems....

    But what does this have to do with tech/IT/science?

    While the goal of European solidarity and peace is extremely laudible, I feel sorry for anyone stuck in the EU because the way it is and has been run practically assures that even EU subjects (and I use "subjects" intentionally) outside the Euro will end up feeling cheated and robbed.

    1. John Smith 19 Gold badge
      Happy

      @Marketing Hack

      "But what does this have to do with tech/IT/science?"

      Well I'd guess as quite a lot of Reg readers live in various bits of Europe it could have substantial knock on effects to companies banks supply funding to. Bankrupt companies don't need IT staff.

      Personally I don't have a problem with a few banks going down the pan. There will be an auction for their assets and their *real* worth will be discovered (demonstrating who *really* earned their last staggering large bonus) and "New Bank" will open for business.

      Meanwhile money will still continue to be paid into (and out of) the *customer* accounts and customer swill continue to pay off their loans until the new buyer takes over the "loan book"

      As for it affecting pension funds I'd wonder if *any* of them are still holding bank shares. It would seem a pretty stupid thing to do.

  17. amanfromMars 1 Silver badge

    And there are always lamp-posts too ........

    "Well, yes .... Except that that's out too in the euro. National central banks aren't allowed to create more money. Only the ECB can do that. And they're not allowed to create more money in order to pay down national debts (aka, monetising the debt)." .... Tim Worstal Posted Friday 22nd July 2011 12:24 GMT

    Oh please, Tim Worstall, you cannot be serious. "Not allowed to"? Isn't that exactly what the plonkers have done, and twice for Greece, to the tune of €200,000,000,000. It is the creation of debt, which is renamed and disguised as credit to lead the ignorant masses to believe that they are being done a great favour, rather than them doing the banking system a great favour and actually creating their business, which creates currency.

    And the stupid bankers think to abuse their creators with their perverse games which would demand repayment with added crippling interest? Whenever their scam is widely known, and the internet is the great anonymous educator of the people, might the hanging space beneath the likes of a Blackfriars bridge be a much sought after premium spot market to settle outstanding business.

    And now we wait to see what Uncle Sam does about lowering their debt , which of course, they can't and won't , and are actually planning to raise, and hope against hope that they can be thought of as being too big to fail, whenever they have been in a failed pariah terrorist nation state for ages already ........ trusting in the fogs of wars to hide that fact and the fact that they have no intelligence services to fix it with a radically New World Order agenda.

    There are though others who would have cunning and canny plans which would help them and others similarly lost in the perverse depths of subversive despair of their own arrogant making.

    1. M Gale

      Holy Crap

      I can tell when you're angry.

      You start speaking English.

      +1 anyway.

  18. John Savard

    Auxilliary Currency?

    Couldn't the Greek central bank continue to deal in Euros, while a subordinate bank deals in Drachmas, with laws forcing landlords to accept Drachmas, and with people getting ration coupons to use Drachmas (otherwise non-convertible) to buy necessary imports like citrus fruits?

    So people working in successful export businesses would be paid in Euros, and civil servants and anyone whose job has to be propped up with government subsidies would be paid in Drachmas. Given a non-convertible Drachma, no irresponsibility would be involved if the government printed as many of them as it liked.

  19. Charlie Clark Silver badge
    IT Angle

    Or did I miss something?

    Surely the Torygraph has more enough space for this kind of polemic? But if you are going to quote The Econmist, today's Bagehot post is an interesting read. http://www.economist.com/blogs/bagehot/2011/07/britain-and-eu

  20. John Smith 19 Gold badge
    Joke

    Everyone has missed the obvious.

    When PIGS get their snouts in the trough trouble follows.

  21. Johan Bastiaansen
    Flame

    The real problem

    The real problem is stupid people. People who don't know what they're doing, but they're getting paid for what they're doing, so they're professionals. Who must know what they're doing. They don't, they're still just stupid people who don't know what they're doing.

    You see them everywhere. You see them when you're in traffic, you see them when you're at work (I'm in sales, quite successfully but the other day the big chief claimed sales is not a priority for our company), you also see them in politics and the economy.

    The solution is not to convince these people about what should be done. The solution is of course to take stupid people out of the discussion, send them to the kiddie table and let grownups work out a plan to get us out of this mess.

    So the question is: who are these stupid people? We'll, they're the ones who set up the euro zone. If all the solutions are "illegal", who made this illegal? Find out who. Put a rubber stamp on their forehead "stupid" and gag them for four years.

    If they refuse the shut up, kill them.

    Stupid people are the curse of the human race. They do much more harm than evil people, simply because there are so many of them.

    1. John Smith 19 Gold badge
      Happy

      @Johan Bastiannsen

      "So the question is: who are these stupid people? We'll, they're the ones who set up the euro zone. If all the solutions are "illegal", who made this illegal? Find out who. Put a rubber stamp on their forehead "stupid" and gag them for four years.

      If they refuse the shut up, kill them.

      Stupid people are the curse of the human race. They do much more harm than evil people, simply because there are so many of them."

      A delightfully simple solution to the problem.

      As always the issue is who decides who are the the *not* stupid people.

      Other than that what could possibly go wrong with such a sensible arrangement?

      1. Field Marshal Von Krakenfart

        Stupid people

        The trouble with political jokes is that they get elected....

        As the Irish uber –idiot Bertie Ahern, probably chief architect of Irelands problems, once said “politics is the art of doing what is possible”.

        Isn’t it sad to see anyone set their targets so low. That’s “what is possible” rather than “what needs to done”. If had that attitude I'd be sacked within two weeks for failing to deliver.

  22. Steen Larsen

    The real issue

    The real issue is that the Southern European countries fought very hard to join the new hard currency, the Euro, BUT they failed to re-adjust their policies and way of living to match the new currency.

    They were used to funny money and salaries and prices going up 10% every year and they failed to adjust this down to 1%. For example, since joining the Euro prices in Italy have gone up more than 40% compared to Germany. The result is a massive fall in competitiveness.

    The Germans took some very hard medicine with almost no wage increases during the 90'ies and adjusted pension age, etc. I can understand that they are very unhappy to support the Greeks who doctored the books, went on a binge of spending and took their pension at 55 before the crisis began.

    Bailing out everybody will not save the Euro. On the contrary it will turn it into a failed soft currency. The Euro law was set up to create a strong currency and that is why bailouts are not allowed. Pity that our politicians will not take the hard medicine: allow a default. But perhaps they are also afraid of another set of bank collapses.

    It is wrong to call this a currency crisis. It is a problem of national debt and national economic policy that fails to take the new hard currency into account.

    1. Matt Bryant Silver badge
      Boffin

      RE: The real issue

      Unfortunately, it is clear that the Greek politicians thought they would get a free ride off of the Germans. They seem to have continued their vote-winning social policies, happilly bankrupting the country, with the idea that the Germans and French would not allow their precious Euro project to fail and would thus foot the bill. So far, it's working out exactly as the Greeks planned, with the Germans coughing up, the Greeks making and then failing to keep spending promises, and more money then being sent by the rest of Europe. Until someone steps in and says "Fix the spending or leave", the Greeks will continue doing the minumum required to get more and more bailouts. Never has a better reason to stay out fo the Euro-zone been so patently displayed.

      Meanwhile, where's that twit Vince Cable? Hasn't he got any words of "wisdom" to spew? I swear the Torys only let him into the cabinet as a means of depressing the Liberal vote in the next election.

  23. Alan Firminger

    Ever closer union - would fail in court

    Any contract freely made between two parties based on the Ecu phrase would be dismissed by a civil court because there is no substance to the phrase. We know what closer union means, but ever closer union has to be taken literally to where it ends, and no-one can describe that.

    My imagined end point is a lewd image of the entire population of the EU forming one great circle in union, and an immoral contract falls.

    I cannot imagine and endpoint if the phrase is limited to governments of member states, and of course all their local governments. Brussels could decide about paving stones and street names. But then there has to be even closer union.

    1. Ken Hagan Gold badge

      Re: Ever closer union

      A mathematician would have no such problems with the phrase. Ever closer union simply prohibits reversals. It appears to prohibit standstill, but if you allow infinitessimal progress then this can be made indistinguishable from standstill, so that's OK. (And since any contract can be renegotiated with the consent of both parties, it isn't even a long-term commitment.)

      No. My problem with the phrase "ever closer union" is that I know full well what the authors *intended* by it -- ambiguity. They intended to slip it in on the understanding that it was a harmless form of words, and then after everyone had signed up to it they would turn round and tell us that it meant something of consequence.

      The fact that all EU treaties are drafted in multiple languages merely simplifies this process of deception. They ought to be drafted in just one language (French, to prove that the choice doesn't matter) and written sufficiently clearly that everyone else feels "safe" signing them.

  24. Suboptimal Planet
    FAIL

    Let the market decide interest rates!

    "Interest rates were about right in the boom and are about right now for the eurozone as a whole."

    Interest rates should not be set for the country as a whole by a committee of central planners. The free market is perfectly capable of determining rates, according to the time preferences of borrowers and savers. Private lenders will naturally account for the varying ability of borrowers to repay.

    Central banking is the problem.

  25. Grubby
    Flame

    An 'If I where in charge' moment

    It's a back to basics moment.

    People not working should be made to plant crops etc. It may sound strange in a developed country but less reliance on outsources will reduce costs further.

    The remaining people out of work should carry out other essential jobs that we currently rely on other countries to do, or private businesses, like laying roads. Basics that will keep the country operational.

    Introduce some sort of passport tax, people will flee when times are hard, if you want a passport you should pay a passport tax, nothing massive but a enough to make people think twice about leaving and for those who do, for all the time they have a passport (which they can usually only get from their home country) they need to pay a tax on it.

    Slash money spent on looking after prisoners, why should a killer doing life have Sky TV when we're going through the toughest times? Bed, Bread, Water. You get sick while you're inside, unlucky because we won't be wasting money making you better.

    Ban smoking/drinking for none workers. My tax pays for bums to smoke, and then their bills when they're in hospital. Make cigarettes and alcohol licenced products. If you don't have a job you don't have a licence.

    Finally, maybe harsh to say but lending money to 3rd world countries doesn't help them, there are individual cases where a few families are saved but the fact is there are too many people compared to the available food / water. Bring a homeless man a sandwich he'll live for a day more. We're buying a lot of sandwiches.

    1. M Gale

      Passport tax

      Have you seen the price of UK passports lately? They still haven't come back down from when the New Labour govt was using them to subsidise ID cards. Is it right that, when capital can flow between borders as freely as water, people cannot also chase said capital?

      If anything, I think a passport should be your right as a citizen of your country along with the right to not be arbitrarily tried for imaginary crimes or hounded out of your neighbourhood for having a relationship with someone of the "wrong caste". If there is a charge, make it simply to cover costs. Passports, five quid plus a photo, available from your local post office? Wouldn't that be nice?

    2. M Gale

      Also

      "You get sick while you're inside, unlucky because we won't be wasting money making you better."

      You're so compassionate. So what about the people in the US who have felony charges because they smoked the wrong type of plant? Not all people in a prison are psychopaths, however some people outside of prison most definitely are.

      1. Matt Bryant Silver badge

        RE: Also

        ".....You're so compassionate....." Whilst I do agree that no healthcare for prisoners is wrong, I would support the idea that modern justice seems both too lenient and prison is far too soft. Me, I'm all for bringing back chain gangs.

        ".....So what about the people in the US who have felony charges because they smoked the wrong type of plant?....." Whilst I'm not so sure you go to jail for "smoking the wrong type of plant", at least not unless you're talking Saudi Arabia, at the end of the day those smokers chose to break a law for their own pleasure, no-one forced them to. What's next, letting off paedophiles because they say they "loved" their victims?

        1. M Gale

          Comparing pot smokers to child abusers

          Because they're both the same thing, right?

          1. Matt Bryant Silver badge
            FAIL

            RE: Comparing pot smokers to child abusers

            "Because they're both the same thing, right?" Whilst it may be an extreme comparison, they are both criminal acts in certain juristictions. You obviously don't have a problem labelling paedophiles as deserving punishment, yet think pot smokers should not be punished, but the majority opinion in certain juristictions is going to be against you. That would be your viewpoint, based on your personal values, it's just their viewpoint is different. You may think those juristictions have a majority of mentally-backward people, but you still have to respect the laws there until you get enough support to get the laws changed. Personally, I think that if you need to smoke pot to have a good time then you're already sad enough to just deserve pity. And before you ask, no, I don't need alcohol to have a good time, so you can forget the cliche alcohol-is-worse-than-cannabis schpiel.

  26. kain preacher

    @John Smith 19

    Because you don't believe in religion does not make some that does nuts. So do you actually have a valid point against AC@ 11:35 or are you just going to call him stupid cause he believes in religion .

    1. John Smith 19 Gold badge
      Happy

      @kain preacher.

      "Because you don't believe in religion does not make some that does nuts. So do you actually have a valid point against AC@ 11:35 or are you just going to call him stupid cause he believes in religion ."

      I've known people who've found a deity before they were found by an ambulance. Their religion has given them the strength to overcome their problems. Their belief has kept them strong.

      In *this* context the quote was irrelevant and "proved" nothing. Like everyone else I'll judge comments by their *content*. My *actual* points were in the post. But I'll repeat them.

      The Roman empire unified most or all of what is the Eurozone for several *centuries*, which is rather better than any of the military conquerors listed.

      The EU/euro is a coalition of *willing* parties to share a currency in the hopes of mutual support and greater stability.

      One refuted the OP's list of military failures, the other points out that that the Euro is *not* an attempt to form a union by military means anyway.

      I'd call those two valid points.

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