Re: Almost certainly a stupid question...
Apparently the Skunk Works think they've cracked it - and when the Skunk Works go public, that means they're pretty damn sure...
A British teenager has become the youngest person to build a nuclear fusion reactor. Jamie Edwards, a 13-year-old from Preston, persuaded his headmaster to let him build the reactor in a classroom. He was so persuasive that the head of Penwortham Priory Academy even handed over £3,000 worth of funding after Jamie reassured him …
MUH NUCLEAR FUSION!!!111!
So, can have the diagrams of:
1) Helium production
2) Neutron emission
pretty pretty please.
Also, where did the get the tritium and deuterium wrong. That shit doesn't grow on trees you know, and if you want to do pure proton-proton fusion, you better hire Gandalf first otherwise you are in for a LONG wait.
Electrostatic Inertial Confinement fusion is not tokamak and it has different requirements. Basically he's knocked up a Farnsworth Fusor or close relative (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusor) and they run happily on D-D reactions. No tritium necessary. D2 is quite easy to get and about £350 for a 25L bottle.
Slightly suprising that the Reg didn't think to mention Farnsworth or the fact that's who the professor in Futurama is named after. He also pretty much invented the (previously) modern TV.
I know nothing about the Farnsworth Fusor. But Farnsworth Image Dissector camera was inherently doomed. Farnsworth invented "a" TV system. but like Baird's it wasn't actually original nor part of modern TV development (starting 1926 and EMI & RCA success in 1935). Farnsworth's and Baird's was a dead end. Though ironically DLP is mechanical TV, albeit using nanotechnology. The RCA and EMI electron gin cameras and today's chip cameras work due to charge storage per frame rather than only sensing light level at scanning instant (Farnsworth's Electronic Image Dissector and Baird's disc then mirrors) thus about 10,000 more sensitive for SDTV and over 30,000 times more for HDTV.
"I know nothing about the Farnsworth Fusor. But Farnsworth Image Dissector camera was inherently doomed. Farnsworth invented "a" TV system. but like Baird's it wasn't actually original nor part of modern TV development (starting 1926 and EMI & RCA success in 1935). Farnsworth's and Baird's was a dead end. Though ironically DLP is mechanical TV, albeit using nanotechnology. The RCA and EMI electron gin cameras and today's chip cameras work due to charge storage per frame rather than only sensing light level at scanning instant (Farnsworth's Electronic Image Dissector and Baird's disc then mirrors) thus about 10,000 more sensitive for SDTV and over 30,000 times more for HDTV."
2 things.
Farnsworth was deep in litigation with RCA (or The Radio Trust as some newspapers of the time called them) and his case looked quite strong before IIRC he went out of a hotel window.
The Image Dissector Tube was the sensor used on the space shuttle to image low brightness stars to update it's attitude and position in space.
"The Image Dissector Tube was the sensor used on the space shuttle to image low brightness stars to update it's attitude and position in space."
Nothing to do with Farnsworth's tube. Farnsworth's tube only sensed light the instant each part scanned by electron beam. It was rubbish. It would always have been rubbish as that method means sensitivity is abominable. Every successful sensor/tube accumulates charge based on light the entire time it isn't scanned/read.
EVERYONE was deep in litigation with RCA and Marconi 1922 to late 1930s. So in that sense he had plenty of company. Edison (much earlier) Marconi, RCA and Philips were the Apple / Oracle / MS of the era (depending on country), Though Marconi, EMI and RCA did do a lot of real R&D. But many patents bought in and others prior art (TV, Superhet, FM etc). The patents awarded were too broad and frequently ignored prior art and even patents outside UK or USA.
The big companies in 1920s and 1930s created patent cartels/pools. Hence RCA never sued EMI.
Baird tried to use Farnsworth cameras, but his Film camera with near real time development and essentially film scanner to video worked far far better. People's eyes were damaged the lighting needed for Farnsworth's camera so bright. The EMI and RCA (very similar to each other) cameras of same time able to work in ordinary overcast daylight.
More information on fusors can be found here:
http://www.fusor.net/
And, agreed on the availability of Deuterium. It used to be pretty common for physics students to make ice from heavy water (Deuterium Oxide) to put in drinks. The Deuterium, being slightly heavier than Hydrogen, causes the ice cubes made from it to sink rather than float (And, no, I don't think I'd drink one of those drinks, although several people have. And, there's some evidence that a slight concentration of Deuterium may actually help memory, although too much of it may be fatal.).
Dave
P.S. I'll get my coat. It's the one with the heavy ice cubes in the pocket.
Nuclear....fusion....sounds like a hydrogen bomb to me. ARREST THIS BOY!
Clearly he is a terrorist and manufacturing a bomb. WHICH OUR TAXES PAID FOR! (£3,000)
We cannot let children get away with this. ARREST HIM!
THINK OF THE CHILDREN!
Unless you are an aide of David Cameron, in which case DO NOT think of the children.
Does he have any ... evidence?
The reports I have seen elsewhere say his Geiger counter was detecting something. Detecting what, though? 18kV got mentioned somewhere, can the boy demonstrate that his electrostatic inertial confinement rig isn't oozing X-rays which are generating ionized particles, ionized particles that the average Geiger counter would notice long before it spotted any neutrons?
Ahh yes... and when Womersley brought in a pair of cow lungs.
We were told to shove a gas tube down the trachea and blow to inflate the lungs (everyone else had rabbit or similar). Some scamp had pre-lacerated Womersley's lungs with a scalpel, so the dead-cow mucus spluttered out everywhere. Such fun.
gimp suit: because you'd wish you were wearing one if you'd been anywhere near
As any fule kno the first school atomic reactor was the Molesworth/Peason atom smasher - and our headmaster woudl not giv us £3000 when he could spend it on more beer and cream cakes - chiz chiz. If this boy sa he is the first again I will have to go around an tuough him up. Anyway, why is a modurn schoolboy interested in fusion - he should be into global warming and sa things like "hello clouds, hello sky we are making you rain too much" - Fotherington-Thomas - a profit before his time
Wow, they let him build it in a school after a presentation and training where needed.
While here in the States, you can get suspended from school for chewing a Pop Tart into a shape that resembles a gun [1].
What a world.
[1] http://cnsnews.com/blog/gregory-gwyn-williams-jr/boy-suspended-pop-tart-gun-loses-appeal-have-record-expunged
Huh...Maryland. I was expecting Florida. Looks like this "zero tolerance" silliness is spreading.
I hereby apologise to the rest of the world for the embarassment that is US education. We seem to be in a race to the bottom. Maybe it has to do with getting rid of all the good teachers and training the new hires to be mindless form-fillers...
When i was in school we got bollocked for looking at anything that was not OFSTED approved. Suggesting something like this got you threatened with being booted out. Instead you were supposed to act as a second teacher and help everyone else out rather then being encouraged to challenge yourself academically.
Even then there were stories of wunderkinds taking GCSE's early and again when i asked in the subjects i could of done i was politely told to sod off and focus on the ones i was not so good at which being dyslexic is like telling someone with depression to just cheer up.
The year is 2164 and Jamie Edwards (known now only as Supreme Chancellor Y'Icyhter) sits alone in his dark towe, gazing upon the blasted Earth that was once home to so many. Few visit anymore. Mostly only those so desperate for an end to their pathetic lives they smash themselves upon the Tower so very much like the ships that had once come to challenge him were smashed against the rocky beaches after being plucked from the angry seas.
Today, like every other day since that cold November night so long ago, Y'Icyhter considers the future of Humanity. Some two million souls had been spared, as a gesture of mercy to those who would shortly perish, that some few of their species would carry on.
When, he asks. When will they conquer their fear? Even now, so many generations later, the stink of fear and their putrid, unclean ways continue unabated. Y'Icyhter has shown them the most tender of mercies for so very long. But fear remains. Always fear. When he descends into their breeding paddocks on each solstice and equinox he takes only the weak, the defective, the ugly and unloved as fuel the reactor.
Long ago the anger of Y'Icyhter had subsided. Remorse dwelt within him for a time, as did pity. Only apathy remains. Millions of times he had considered simply destroying the last of Humanity to liberate them from fear. No, they must grow strong and fearless before Y'Icyhter can end his own suffering. Should he destroy them now he would be left with nary a subject of contemplation. Without that he was lost. Greater knowledge had become a useless abstraction as he discovered nearly every law of the universe was subject to his command. Why learn when the knowledge is meaningless.
Only one element in all the universe was not subject to the will of Y'Icyhter. Fear remained his only rival. The Humans must master fear alone. Journey into dark places and feel the sting of loss as loved ones perish, but never for moment hesitating to follow them into the unknown simply because they can. Secure in knowing that if they too perish it will be an end on their terms. With eyes open and fists raised, turning fear against their challenger and fighting until the end. That is a good life.
Why could the remaining Humans not see that? Y'Icyhter will wait. Y'Icyhter holds pity for only one man. A man who told Y'Icyhter no when he sought to learn. Who betrayed Y'Icyhter and sacrificed him to the authorities. Took him away from a loving mother and father who he would never see again. One who caused all of Humanity to be destroyed. A headmaster who said 'no, you cannot build a fusion reactor'. Coward.
"I was a bit stunned and I have to say a little nervous when Jamie suggested this but he reassured me he wouldn’t blow the school up," the head recalled.
"he reassured me", really? "he reassured me"?
I've never, ever, ever had a school head OK one of my "special" projects that easily. He didn't cast an Imperius Curse on him first did he?
Looking at Jamie's presentation (link to it in the El Reg article) I notice part of the sales pitch to the Head was a promise of fame. 'Imagine your name next to mine' or something like that (I've closed the presentation and can't be bothered to go and find it again). The lad clearly understands management; he will go far.
At the risk of ignoring the spirit of the moment...
Schools are desperately short of cash right now. Just what, exactly, did they have to cut so this kid could build this machine (because they certainly didn't have 3k sat around doing nothing!)? I'm sure the head would blythely say "nothing", but the fact is that 3k is a fair chunk of money to spend on one pupil. Is it a fair use of resources? It may not be if they don't give every kid in the place the opportunity to have 3k spent on their personal "project", which probably had nothing at all to do with the sylabus.
Don't get me wrong, I think it's great that he got the opportunity to do this. But 3k could do a lot of good in a school and i'm not sure this is the best, or the fairest, way to spend it.
Instead of making yet another radiation emiting device the teacher should
have encouraged a project involving cleaning up the mess of Fukushima
The teacher and school are irresponsible to allow such experiments that release radiation. Irresponsible, dangerous and useless. The teacher should be fired.